Užduočių lapas tema Vidaus ligų ir chirurginė slauga: širdies ir kraujagyslių bei kvėpavimo sistemos su atsakymais

What does the term "dyspnoea" mean?

1. AThe feeling of difficult or uncomfortable breathing
2. BA complete stop in breathing lasting over 10 seconds
3. CBreathing that is deeper than normal
4. DA breathing rate above 20 breaths per minute at rest

Which three signs make up Beck's triad in cardiac tamponade?

1. ALow blood pressure, distended neck veins and muffled heart sounds
2. BHigh blood pressure, a slow pulse and irregular breathing
3. CFever, a new heart murmur and splinter haemorrhages under the nails
4. DChest pain, ST elevation and raised troponin

Kuris vaistas dažniausiai vartojamas širdies susitraukimų dažniui sulėtinti esant prieširdžių virpėjimui?

1. AFurozemidas (kilpinis diuretikas)
2. BBisoprololis (beta adrenoblokatorius)
3. CAmlodipinas (dihidropiridininis kalcio kanalų blokatorius)
4. DAtorvastatinas (statinas)

Pacientas, ką tik pradėjęs vartoti antihipertenzinį vaistą, keliantis iš lovos jaučia svaigulį. Koks patarimas teisingas?

1. AGreitai atsistoti, kad kraujas toliau tekėtų
2. BNustoti vartoti tabletę nepranešus gydytojui ar slaugytojui
3. CPrieš atsistojant akimirką pasėdėti lovos pakraštyje
4. DKitą rytą išgerti dvigubą dozę

Why are beta-blockers often started after a myocardial infarction?

1. AThey lower the heart's oxygen demand and reduce arrhythmias
2. BThey dissolve the clot that is blocking the coronary artery
3. CThey reduce cholesterol in the blood
4. DThey raise the heart rate to improve blood flow to the muscle

A patient taking simvastatin drinks a large glass of grapefruit juice every morning. Why is this a concern?

1. AIt stops the statin from being absorbed from the gut at all
2. BIt raises statin levels and the risk of muscle damage
3. CIt causes the cholesterol level to rise sharply
4. DIt turns the statin into a blood thinner

Which task for a stable patient with heart failure can the registered nurse most appropriately delegate to a healthcare assistant (unlicensed assistive personnel)?

1. AAssessing lung sounds for new crackles
2. BTeaching the patient about a low-salt diet
3. CMeasuring and recording the morning weight
4. DDeciding whether to give the furosemide dose

A 25-year-old non-smoker has wheeze and cough that come and go, worse at night and after exercise. Spirometry improves markedly after a bronchodilator. Which diagnosis is most likely?

1. AAsthma
2. BIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
3. CCOPD
4. DHeart failure