Užduočių lapas tema Vidaus ligų ir chirurginė slauga: širdies ir kraujagyslių bei kvėpavimo sistemos su atsakymais

In hospital, how is oxygen therapy treated?

1. AAs a treatment that patients adjust themselves
2. BAs a medicine that needs a prescription with a target range
3. CAs a comfort measure that needs no prescription or monitoring
4. DAs a treatment kept only for patients who are near the end of life

Kodėl LOPL sergančius pacientus mokoma kvėpuoti sučiauptomis lūpomis?

1. ATai mažina norą kosėti dienos metu
2. BTai stiprina diafragmą įkvepiant
3. CTai palaiko mažuosius kvėpavimo takus atvirus iškvepiant
4. DTai padidina įkvepiamo oro deguonies kiekį

What is Kussmaul breathing?

1. ANoisy breathing caused by a blocked upper airway
2. BVery slow, shallow breathing from opioids
3. CDeep, rapid breathing in response to metabolic acidosis
4. DBreathing that alternates between deep breaths and pauses

Which patient is most typical of a primary spontaneous pneumothorax?

1. AAn older woman with long-standing heart failure
2. BA middle-aged woman with high blood pressure
3. CA tall, thin young man who smokes
4. DA child with a viral sore throat

A 70 kg patient has passed 20 mL of urine per hour for the last three hours. How should this be interpreted?

1. AHigh, suggesting fluid overload that needs a diuretic
2. BNormal, because any measurable urine output is reassuring
3. CNormal, because the target is 0,1 mL/kg/h
4. DBelow 0,5 mL/kg/h, suggesting poor kidney perfusion

During an episode of chest pain, a patient's ECG shows new horizontal ST depression. What does this most likely indicate?

1. AA normal finding during pain
2. BHyperkalaemia
3. CMyocardial ischaemia
4. DPericarditis

After six weeks of treatment for tuberculosis, a patient has nausea, dark urine and yellow eyes. What should the nurse do?

1. AReassure the patient that the urine colour is due to rifampicin
2. BDouble the isoniazid dose to clear the infection faster
3. CWithhold the next doses and report urgently for liver tests
4. DAdvise taking the tablets with an alcoholic drink to settle the stomach

Three days after an MI, a patient faints on the commode while straining hard to open the bowels. The heart rate was 42/min at the time. What is the most likely mechanism?

1. AA new pulmonary embolism
2. BAn allergic reaction to the commode
3. CLow blood glucose from fasting
4. DA vagal response to straining