Užduočių lapas tema Vidaus ligų ir chirurginė slauga: širdies ir kraujagyslių bei kvėpavimo sistemos su atsakymais

On spirometry, what is the forced vital capacity (FVC)?

1. AThe volume of one normal resting breath
2. BThe volume of air blown out in the first second of the test only
3. CThe volume of air that is left in the lungs after breathing out
4. DThe total volume blown out forcefully after a full breath in

Where does gas exchange between air and blood take place in the lungs?

1. AIn the pleural space
2. BIn the trachea
3. CIn the alveoli
4. DIn the main bronchi

Kokį patarimą reikėtų duoti pacientui, vartojančiam antikoaguliantą?

1. APraleisti dozę, kai tik atsiranda nedidelė mėlynė
2. BNaudoti minkštą dantų šepetėlį ir pranešti apie neįprastą kraujavimą
3. CNuo šiol vengti visų žaliųjų daržovių
4. DSkausmui malšinti vartoti ibuprofeną vietoj paracetamolio

A patient with chest pain has a first troponin result within the normal range one hour after the pain started. Why is a repeat test arranged?

1. AThe repeat test is only needed for patients over 80
2. BThe first sample is always contaminated
3. CTroponin may take a few hours to rise after muscle damage
4. DTroponin falls during an MI, so a lower value confirms it

A pulse oximeter on a patient's finger gives an unreliable, flickering reading. Which factor is the most likely cause?

1. AThe patient having eaten recently
2. BA regular heart rate of 75 beats per minute
3. CCold hands with poor peripheral circulation
4. DThe patient sitting upright in a chair

Why must inspired air be humidified for a patient with a tracheostomy?

1. AHumidification prevents the cuff from deflating
2. BDry air is needed to stop secretions forming in the trachea
3. CHumidified air contains more oxygen than dry air at the same flow
4. DThe nose and upper airway, which warm and moisten air, are bypassed

A patient receiving weeks of IV antibiotics through a PICC line in the left arm develops swelling and aching of that arm and neck veins that look fuller on the left. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AA local skin allergy to the dressing
2. BLymphoedema from lying in bed
3. CA catheter-related deep vein thrombosis
4. DAn expected effect of the antibiotic

Pacientas, sergantis širdies nepakankamumu, kuriam taikomas 1,5 l per dieną skysčių ribojimas, skundžiasi stipriu troškuliu. Kuri priemonė tinkamiausia?

1. ABurnos priežiūra, suskaičiuoti ledo gabaliukai ir skysčiai, paskirstyti per dieną
2. BSūrūs užkandžiai seilėms skatinti ir sausumui palengvinti
3. CNeribotas vanduo, nes troškulį visada reikia numalšinti
4. DJokių skysčių iki kito ryto svėrimo