Užduočių lapas tema Vidaus ligų ir chirurginė slauga: nervų, endokrininė ir inkstų sistemos su atsakymais

A febrile patient has a rash that does not fade when a glass is pressed against it. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AHeat rash from a high temperature
2. BAn allergic reaction to soap
3. CMeningococcal septicaemia
4. DA simple viral skin rash

Why can a new arteriovenous fistula not be used straight away?

1. AThe arm must be in plaster for a month
2. BThe stitches must be removed first
3. CThe artery must first grow back to its full size
4. DThe vein needs weeks to enlarge and thicken

Koks skystis paprastai skiriamas pirmiausia diabetinės ketoacidozės metu?

1. A50 % gliukozės tirpalas į veną
2. BGeriami saldūs gėrimai ir vanduo
3. C0,9 % natrio chlorido tirpalas į veną
4. DSteriliu injekciniu vandeniu į veną

A patient's fistula starts to bleed at home after the needles were removed. What should they do first?

1. AWait for the next dialysis session
2. BApply a tight tourniquet above the fistula
3. CRaise the arm and let it bleed freely
4. DPress firmly on the site with clean gauze

Kodėl po tiroidektomijos prie lovos dažnai laikomi siūlų ar sąvaržėlių šalinimo įrankiai?

1. AKaklo hematoma gali spausti kvėpavimo takus ir ją gali tekti išleisti
2. BJų reikia kraujui paimti iš kaklo venų
3. CJais koreguojamas drenažas, kai jis nustoja veikęs
4. DSiūlus reikia pašalinti pirmąjį vakarą po operacijos

A patient has had a calcium oxalate kidney stone. Which advice best helps prevent another?

1. ADrink plenty of fluid so the urine stays pale
2. BCut all calcium out of the diet
3. CDrink only a little to avoid diluting the urine
4. DTake extra vitamin C supplements

Why may HbA1c be unreliable in a patient with haemolytic anaemia or a recent large blood transfusion?

1. ABlood transfusions contain large amounts of glucose
2. BIt depends on how long red blood cells survive in the blood
3. CAnaemia always makes the HbA1c very high
4. DThe test only measures the glucose in the plasma, not in the cells

Weeks after starting insulin, a patient with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes needs much less insulin and has frequent mild hypos. What is the most likely explanation?

1. AThe diabetes has been cured, so insulin can stop
2. BA honeymoon phase, but insulin is still needed
3. CThe patient actually has type 2 diabetes
4. DThe insulin has gone off and should be replaced