Užduočių lapas tema Vidaus ligų ir chirurginė slauga: nervų, endokrininė ir inkstų sistemos su atsakymais

Why are patients with a spinal cord injury at very high risk of pressure injuries?

1. AThey usually have a high fever for many weeks
2. BTheir blood sugar is always very high, which damages the skin
3. CTheir skin is thinner than other people's skin
4. DThey cannot feel or move the body below the injury

Ką slaugytojui parodo šlapimo savitasis svoris?

1. AKiek baltymų yra šlapime
2. BAr šlapime yra bakterijų
3. CKiek gliukozės yra kraujyje
4. DKaip koncentruotas šlapimas

Koks kvėpavimo tipas būdingas diabetinei ketoacidozei?

1. ACheyne'o ir Stokes'o kvėpavimas
2. BLėtas, paviršutiniškas kvėpavimas
3. CGreitas, paviršutiniškas dusimas su švilpimu
4. DGilus, greitas (Kussmaulio) kvėpavimas

Pacientas, vartojantis dapaglifloziną (SGLT2 inhibitorių), vemia, ketonų kraujyje 4,5 mmol/l, bet gliukozė tik 11 mmol/l. Ką reikėtų įtarti?

1. AEuglikeminę diabetinę ketoacidozę
2. BHiperosmolinę hiperglikeminę būklę
3. CNormalų šalutinį poveikį, kuriam veiksmų nereikia
4. DVėmimo sukeltą hipoglikemiją

Which approach helps most when talking to a patient with expressive aphasia?

1. ASpeak louder, because the patient cannot hear well
2. BFinish their sentences quickly to save them effort
3. CAvoid talking to them until their speech has recovered
4. DAsk questions that can be answered with yes, no or a gesture

Why are patients with an acute spinal cord injury at high risk of deep vein thrombosis?

1. AParalysed leg muscles no longer pump blood back to the heart
2. BThey usually take oestrogen as part of their treatment
3. CSpinal injuries always damage the large veins of the legs
4. DThe injury makes the blood too thin to clot properly in the veins

A patient with type 1 diabetes is vomiting at home. Their glucose is 12 mmol/L (216 mg/dL), and blood ketones are 3,5 mmol/L. What advice is correct?

1. ADrink less fluid to stop the vomiting
2. BStop insulin until the vomiting has settled
3. CWait until the glucose is above 20 mmol/L (360 mg/dL)
4. DSeek urgent hospital assessment for possible DKA

A nurse teaches a patient with Hashimoto's thyroiditis about levothyroxine. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will report palpitations or chest pain."
2. B"I can stop the tablets once I feel back to normal."
3. C"I will have regular blood tests to check my dose."
4. D"I will take the tablets at the same time each day."