Užduočių lapas tema Farmakologija su atsakymais

How do local anaesthetics such as lidocaine block pain?

1. AThey block prostaglandin synthesis at the injury site
2. BThey block voltage-gated sodium channels in nerve membranes
3. CThey enhance the action of GABA in the brain and spinal cord
4. DThey activate opioid receptors in the spinal cord

How does rasagiline help in Parkinson's disease?

1. AIt is converted directly into dopamine inside brain neurones
2. BIt blocks acetylcholine receptors in the gut
3. CIt inhibits MAO-B, so brain dopamine is broken down more slowly
4. DIt blocks dopamine receptors in the brain

Why is carbidopa combined with levodopa?

1. AIt blocks dopamine receptors to reduce nausea in the brain
2. BIt increases the breakdown of dopamine in the liver
3. CIt converts levodopa into dopamine inside the gut
4. DIt stops levodopa turning into dopamine outside the brain

How should a patient store sublingual glyceryl trinitrate (nitroglycerin) tablets?

1. AIn the original dark glass bottle, away from heat, light and moisture
2. BLoose in a shirt pocket close to the body for quick access
3. CIn the fridge in a damp, open container to keep them fresh and cool
4. DIn a plastic weekly pill box with other tablets

Which technique is correct when giving subcutaneous enoxaparin from a prefilled syringe?

1. AMassage the site well for one minute after the injection
2. BInject into a vein on the back of the hand
3. CExpel the air bubble from the syringe first, then inject into the deltoid muscle
4. DInject into the abdomen away from the navel and do not rub the site afterwards

Kodėl klozapiną vartojantiems pacientams reikia reguliariai tirti kraują?

1. AJis dažnai sukelia geležies stokos anemiją
2. BJis gali sukelti agranulocitozę
3. CJis pavojingai padidina trombocitų skaičių
4. DJis pakeičia kraujo grupę

A nurse gave a patient ten times the prescribed dose of hydromorphone. The patient is currently alert. What is the most appropriate sequence of actions?

1. AGive another dose later to balance it out
2. BChange the chart so that it shows the correct dose, and continue to monitor
3. CMonitor closely, have naloxone ready, inform the prescriber and report
4. DSay nothing because the patient is alert

A patient who has taken lorazepam daily for many months stops it suddenly. Which serious complication may follow?

1. AProfound respiratory depression
2. BSevere bradycardia
3. CWithdrawal seizures
4. DPinpoint pupils and coma