Užduočių lapas tema Farmakologija su atsakymais

Which drug is an antidote for methanol or ethylene glycol (antifreeze) poisoning?

1. AFomepizole
2. BNaloxone
3. CAtropine
4. DFlumazenil

What is physical dependence on a drug?

1. AWithdrawal symptoms appear if the drug is stopped suddenly
2. BThe drug no longer has any effect, even at much higher doses
3. CThe person takes the drug only when needed
4. DThe person has an allergy to the drug

With patient-controlled analgesia (PCA), who should press the button to give a dose?

1. AAny visitor who thinks the patient is in pain
2. BThe nursing assistant at set times
3. CA family member when the patient is asleep
4. DOnly the patient

Which assessment is most important before giving a dose of IV morphine?

1. ABlood glucose and temperature, checked before each dose
2. BPupil size and hearing
3. CRespiratory rate and level of sedation
4. DBowel sounds and urine colour

A patient is starting lamotrigine. Which adverse effect should the patient report at once?

1. AAny new skin rash
2. BMild headache on the first day
3. CA brief change in taste
4. DSlight tiredness in the afternoon

Kaip neostigminas sergant miastenija gravis didina raumenų jėgą?

1. ABlokuoja autoantikūnus prieš receptorių
2. BTiesiogiai stimuliuoja raumenų muskarininius receptorius
3. CSlopina acetilcholinesterazę, todėl daugiau acetilcholino pasiekia receptorius
4. DPadidina acetilcholino receptorių skaičių nervo ir raumens sinapsėje

Why may omeprazole be avoided in a patient taking clopidogrel?

1. AIt speeds up kidney excretion of clopidogrel
2. BIt binds clopidogrel in the stomach and makes it insoluble
3. CIt increases clopidogrel absorption from the gut and causes bleeding
4. DIt inhibits CYP2C19, so less clopidogrel is converted to its active form

A patient taking long-term morphine for cancer pain becomes very sedated with slow breathing. Why is naloxone given in small, diluted doses?

1. ATo make the effect of naloxone last longer than morphine
2. BBecause naloxone is toxic to the liver in large doses
3. CBecause naloxone is much more potent and toxic in patients with cancer
4. DTo restore breathing without causing severe withdrawal and pain