Kejururawatan Kesihatan Mental: pek ulang kaji kilat

Lembaran formula, langkah kaedah utama untuk setiap topik dan 6 soalan latihan, dengan penyelesaian penuh di bahagian belakang.

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1Formula dan kaedah

Kejururawatan kesihatan mental

Kaedah

  1. Tentukan sama ada terdapat risiko segera: bunuh diri, keganasan, kecemasan akibat ubat atau penyakit fizikal.
  2. Bertindak untuk keselamatan dahulu: perhatikan, alihkan alat yang boleh digunakan, redakan ketegangan, hentikan ubat yang berbahaya, dapatkan bantuan.
  3. Pilih respons terapeutik: akui perasaan, kemukakan realiti, elakkan jaminan palsu dan soalan “mengapa”.
  4. Hormati hak: pilihan yang paling kurang menyekat, persetujuan dan kerahsiaan beserta hadnya.

2Soalan latihan

1.Kejururawatan kesihatan mentalSederhana

Which setting is best for an initial assessment interview with a new patient?

  1. AA small office with the nurse sitting behind a high desk between herself and the door
  2. BA quiet, private room with chairs at the same level and easy access to the door
  3. CThe corridor, so that the interview can be done quickly
  4. DThe busy day room, so that the patient feels part of the ward
2.Kejururawatan kesihatan mentalSukar

On a mental health ward, which task is most appropriate for the nurse to delegate to a healthcare assistant?

  1. ATeaching a patient about the side effects of lithium
  2. BEvaluating whether a PRN medicine given an hour ago has worked
  3. CAccompanying a stable patient to the dining room and recording his food intake
  4. DCarrying out the full admission suicide risk assessment of a newly admitted patient
3.Psikologi klinikalSederhana

Seorang lelaki terbatas secara sosial, berasa tidak mampu dan mengelak pekerjaan yang melibatkan hubungan dengan orang kerana takut dikritik, walaupun dia mahukan hubungan yang rapat. Gangguan manakah yang paling sesuai?

  1. AGangguan personaliti histrionik
  2. BGangguan personaliti antisosial
  3. CGangguan personaliti mengelak
  4. DGangguan personaliti skizoid
4.Psikologi klinikalSukar

Ayllon dan Azrin memperkenalkan ekonomi token di wad psikiatri. Apakah penemuan utama dan batasannya?

  1. AHalusinasi pesakit hilang secara kekal, dan keuntungan itu bertahan selepas discaj
  2. BToken tidak mempunyai kesan pada tingkah laku
  3. CTingkah laku sasaran meningkat, tetapi keuntungan sering tidak diitlakkan di luar wad
  4. DKaedah ini menyembuhkan skizofrenia dalam beberapa minggu
5.FarmakologiSederhana

A patient uses a salbutamol (albuterol) inhaler and a corticosteroid inhaler at the same time of day. Which order is usually taught?

  1. AUse both in the same breath to save time
  2. BThe order does not matter and no waiting is needed
  3. CUse the salbutamol first, wait a few minutes, then use the steroid
  4. DUse the steroid first, then the salbutamol right after without any gap
6.FarmakologiSukar

A patient with asthma starts timolol eye drops for glaucoma and soon becomes wheezy. What is the most likely explanation?

  1. ATimolol is absorbed and blocks beta-2 receptors in the airways
  2. BTimolol activates histamine receptors in the lungs
  3. CThe eye drops contain an allergen that causes hay fever and asthma
  4. DThe wheeze is unrelated to the eye drops

3Larutan

1.Kejururawatan kesihatan mental

Jawapan: B · A quiet, private room with chairs at the same level and easy access to the door

Mengapa ini jawapannya

A private, quiet space protects confidentiality and helps the patient talk. Seating at the same level is less intimidating, and keeping access to the door supports safety for both people.

Jawapan

B · A quiet, private room with chairs at the same level and easy access to the door
2.Kejururawatan kesihatan mental

Jawapan: C · Accompanying a stable patient to the dining room and recording his food intake

Mengapa ini jawapannya

Routine, predictable tasks with stable patients, such as escorting and recording intake, can be delegated. Assessment, care planning, teaching and evaluation require the nurse's judgement.

Jawapan

C · Accompanying a stable patient to the dining room and recording his food intake
3.Psikologi klinikal

Jawapan: C · Gangguan personaliti mengelak

Mengapa ini jawapannya

Gangguan personaliti mengelak (Kelompok C) melibatkan kepekaan berlebihan terhadap penilaian negatif dan kekangan sosial. Dalam gangguan personaliti skizoid, orang itu menunjukkan sedikit keinginan untuk hubungan rapat.

Jawapan

C · Gangguan personaliti mengelak
4.Psikologi klinikal

Jawapan: C · Tingkah laku sasaran meningkat, tetapi keuntungan sering tidak diitlakkan di luar wad

Mengapa ini jawapannya

Ekonomi token meningkatkan tingkah laku penjagaan diri dan kerja pada pesakit jangka panjang, tetapi perubahan cenderung pudar tanpa peneguhan, dan pendekatan ini menimbulkan kebimbangan etika tentang kawalan.

Jawapan

C · Tingkah laku sasaran meningkat, tetapi keuntungan sering tidak diitlakkan di luar wad
5.Farmakologi

Jawapan: C · Use the salbutamol first, wait a few minutes, then use the steroid

Mengapa ini jawapannya

The bronchodilator opens the airways so that the inhaled steroid can reach further into the lungs. A short wait between the inhalers is usually advised.

Jawapan

C · Use the salbutamol first, wait a few minutes, then use the steroid
6.Farmakologi

Jawapan: A · Timolol is absorbed and blocks beta-2 receptors in the airways

Mengapa ini jawapannya

Ophthalmic timolol is a non-selective beta blocker and can reach the circulation in amounts that cause bronchospasm or bradycardia. It is generally avoided in asthma.

Jawapan

A · Timolol is absorbed and blocks beta-2 receptors in the airways

ExamProblems · examproblems.com/courses/mental-health-nursing