Kejururawatan Kesihatan Mental: pek ulang kaji kilat

Lembaran formula, langkah kaedah utama untuk setiap topik dan 6 soalan latihan, dengan penyelesaian penuh di bahagian belakang.

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1Formula dan kaedah

Kejururawatan kesihatan mental

Kaedah

  1. Tentukan sama ada terdapat risiko segera: bunuh diri, keganasan, kecemasan akibat ubat atau penyakit fizikal.
  2. Bertindak untuk keselamatan dahulu: perhatikan, alihkan alat yang boleh digunakan, redakan ketegangan, hentikan ubat yang berbahaya, dapatkan bantuan.
  3. Pilih respons terapeutik: akui perasaan, kemukakan realiti, elakkan jaminan palsu dan soalan “mengapa”.
  4. Hormati hak: pilihan yang paling kurang menyekat, persetujuan dan kerahsiaan beserta hadnya.

2Soalan latihan

1.Kejururawatan kesihatan mentalSederhana

A woman has new anxiety, weight loss, a tremor, heat intolerance and a fast heart rate. Which test is most important before diagnosing an anxiety disorder?

  1. ASerum lithium level
  2. BThyroid function tests
  3. CUrine drug screen only
  4. DAn MRI of the knee
2.Kejururawatan kesihatan mentalSukar

A woman with a severe intellectual disability and limited speech has started hitting her face and refusing food. What should the nurse consider first?

  1. AThat she needs an antipsychotic to control her behaviour
  2. BThat the behaviour is part of her disability and needs no assessment
  3. CA physical cause such as dental pain, an ear infection or constipation
  4. DThat she is trying to manipulate the staff
3.Psikologi klinikalSederhana

Corak manakah yang mentakrifkan gangguan bipolar II?

  1. AEpisod kemurungan major sahaja, tanpa mood yang tinggi
  2. BSekurang-kurangnya satu episod mania penuh dengan ciri psikotik
  3. CSekurang-kurangnya satu episod hipomanik dan sekurang-kurangnya satu episod kemurungan major
  4. DBanyak perubahan mood ringan selama sekurang-kurangnya dua tahun tanpa episod mood penuh
4.Psikologi klinikalSukar

Temu duga yang mengikut set soalan tetap dalam susunan tetap untuk mencapai diagnosis dipanggil:

  1. ATemu duga klinikal berstruktur
  2. BSesi asosiasi bebas
  3. CUjian projektif
  4. DTemu duga tidak berstruktur
5.FarmakologiSederhana

Which adverse effects are typical of donepezil?

  1. AHair loss and skin pigmentation
  2. BNausea, diarrhoea and a slow heart rate
  3. CWeight gain and high blood glucose
  4. DDry mouth, constipation and a fast heart rate
6.FarmakologiSukar

A patient taking long-term morphine for cancer pain becomes very sedated with slow breathing. Why is naloxone given in small, diluted doses?

  1. ABecause naloxone is much more potent and toxic in patients with cancer
  2. BTo make the effect of naloxone last longer than morphine
  3. CTo restore breathing without causing severe withdrawal and pain
  4. DBecause naloxone is toxic to the liver in large doses

3Larutan

1.Kejururawatan kesihatan mental

Jawapan: B · Thyroid function tests

Mengapa ini jawapannya

Hyperthyroidism can mimic anxiety with tremor, palpitations, weight loss and heat intolerance. Medical causes of psychiatric symptoms should always be considered.

Jawapan

B · Thyroid function tests
2.Kejururawatan kesihatan mental

Jawapan: C · A physical cause such as dental pain, an ear infection or constipation

Mengapa ini jawapannya

People with limited communication may show pain or illness through changes in behaviour. A thorough physical assessment comes before deciding the behaviour is psychiatric or behavioural.

Jawapan

C · A physical cause such as dental pain, an ear infection or constipation
3.Psikologi klinikal

Jawapan: C · Sekurang-kurangnya satu episod hipomanik dan sekurang-kurangnya satu episod kemurungan major

Mengapa ini jawapannya

Bipolar II memerlukan episod hipomanik dan kemurungan major tetapi tiada episod manik. Satu episod manik sahaja membawa kepada diagnosis bipolar I.

Jawapan

C · Sekurang-kurangnya satu episod hipomanik dan sekurang-kurangnya satu episod kemurungan major
4.Psikologi klinikal

Jawapan: A · Temu duga klinikal berstruktur

Mengapa ini jawapannya

Temu duga berstruktur seperti SCID mengemukakan soalan piawai yang dikaitkan dengan kriteria diagnostik, meningkatkan kebolehpercayaan berbanding temu duga tidak berstruktur.

Jawapan

A · Temu duga klinikal berstruktur
5.Farmakologi

Jawapan: B · Nausea, diarrhoea and a slow heart rate

Mengapa ini jawapannya

Cholinesterase inhibitors cause cholinergic effects such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea and bradycardia. Patients are watched for dizziness and fainting from a slow pulse.

Jawapan

B · Nausea, diarrhoea and a slow heart rate
6.Farmakologi

Jawapan: C · To restore breathing without causing severe withdrawal and pain

Mengapa ini jawapannya

In opioid-dependent patients, a large dose of naloxone can cause abrupt withdrawal, severe pain and agitation. Small titrated doses aim to restore adequate breathing while keeping some analgesia.

Jawapan

C · To restore breathing without causing severe withdrawal and pain

ExamProblems · examproblems.com/courses/mental-health-nursing