Hormati hak: pilihan yang paling kurang menyekat, persetujuan dan kerahsiaan beserta hadnya.
2Soalan latihan
1.Kejururawatan kesihatan mentalSederhana
A patient with narcissistic personality disorder demands that only the senior doctor should speak to him, because the nurses are "beneath him". What is the best approach?
ARespond respectfully but firmly, and keep the same expectations as for other patients
BTell him that he is not as important as he thinks he is
CArrange for only the senior doctor to see him from now on
DAvoid him as much as possible, because he is rude and unpleasant to the nursing staff
2.Kejururawatan kesihatan mentalSukar
A patient in acute mania has slept for 2 hours in 3 nights, is losing weight and is pacing constantly. Which nursing concern is the priority?
ALack of knowledge about the illness
BDisturbed relationships with her family
CLow self-esteem
DRisk of physical exhaustion and injury
3.Psikologi klinikalSederhana
Gangguan personaliti manakah yang dicirikan oleh corak meluas yang mengabaikan hak orang lain?
AGangguan personaliti mengelak
BGangguan personaliti bergantung
CGangguan personaliti antisosial
DGangguan personaliti ambang (borderline)
4.Psikologi klinikalSukar
Temu duga yang mengikut set soalan tetap dalam susunan tetap untuk mencapai diagnosis dipanggil:
ATemu duga klinikal berstruktur
BTemu duga tidak berstruktur
CSesi asosiasi bebas
DUjian projektif
5.FarmakologiSederhana
A patient refuses a prescribed oral medicine. What should the nurse do?
ALeave the tablet on the bedside table for later
BHide the tablet in the patient's food
CExplore the reason, respect the decision, document and inform the prescriber
DRecord the medicine as given, so that the chart stays complete for the next shift
6.FarmakologiSukar
Bayi baru lahir yang diberi kloramfenikol boleh mendapat "sindrom bayi kelabu". Apakah sebab utamanya?
ABuah pinggang bayi merembeskan ubat terlalu cepat, jadi dos yang lebih tinggi diberikan
BGlukuronidasi yang belum matang dalam hati membolehkan ubat terkumpul
CKloramfenikol ditukar kepada vitamin K pada neonat
DBayi baru lahir menghasilkan antibodi terhadap ubat
3Larutan
1.Kejururawatan kesihatan mental
Jawapan: A · Respond respectfully but firmly, and keep the same expectations as for other patients
Mengapa ini jawapannya
People with narcissistic personality disorder have a fragile self-esteem beneath the grandiosity. A consistent, respectful and non-defensive approach avoids power struggles and maintains the usual boundaries.
Jawapan
A · Respond respectfully but firmly, and keep the same expectations as for other patients
2.Kejururawatan kesihatan mental
Jawapan: D · Risk of physical exhaustion and injury
Mengapa ini jawapannya
Severe mania can lead to dehydration, exhaustion, injury and even death if not managed. Physical safety, sleep, fluids and nutrition come before education or psychosocial issues.
Jawapan
D · Risk of physical exhaustion and injury
3.Psikologi klinikal
Jawapan: C · Gangguan personaliti antisosial
Mengapa ini jawapannya
Gangguan personaliti antisosial merangkumi penipuan, impulsif, pencerobohan dan kurang penyesalan, dengan bukti gangguan kelakuan semasa kanak-kanak.
Jawapan
C · Gangguan personaliti antisosial
4.Psikologi klinikal
Jawapan: A · Temu duga klinikal berstruktur
Mengapa ini jawapannya
Temu duga berstruktur seperti SCID mengemukakan soalan piawai yang dikaitkan dengan kriteria diagnostik, meningkatkan kebolehpercayaan berbanding temu duga tidak berstruktur.
Jawapan
A · Temu duga klinikal berstruktur
5.Farmakologi
Jawapan: C · Explore the reason, respect the decision, document and inform the prescriber
Mengapa ini jawapannya
Competent patients may refuse treatment. The nurse explores concerns, explains the purpose and risks, documents the refusal and informs the prescriber; covert administration needs formal legal and clinical procedures.
Jawapan
C · Explore the reason, respect the decision, document and inform the prescriber
6.Farmakologi
Jawapan: B · Glukuronidasi yang belum matang dalam hati membolehkan ubat terkumpul
Mengapa ini jawapannya
Neonat mempunyai aktiviti glukuronil transferase yang rendah, maka kloramfenikol tidak dikonjugasi dan terkumpul. Paras tinggi menyebabkan runtuh peredaran dengan kulit kelabu. Ia menunjukkan bagaimana organ yang belum matang mengubah farmakokinetik.
Jawapan
B · Glukuronidasi yang belum matang dalam hati membolehkan ubat terkumpul