Soalan latihan gaya NCLEX-PN (LPN/LVN): pek ulang kaji kilat

How should oxygen cylinders be stored on a ward?

1. ALying loose on the floor under the bed so they cannot fall over
2. BIn a warm cupboard next to the radiator
3. CSecured upright in a holder or trolley, away from heat
4. DStacked on top of each other in a corridor

Which of these patients should the nurse attend to first?

1. AA patient with diabetes who is sweaty and shaky with a glucose of 2.9 mmol/L (52 mg/dL)
2. BA patient asking for their regular evening medicines
3. CA patient with a pain score of 4/10 who had analgesia 30 minutes ago
4. DA patient who wants to talk about the results of a scan

Why can side rails be dangerous for a confused, restless patient?

1. ASide rails stop staff from reaching the patient in an emergency
2. BSide rails make the bed move by itself
3. CSide rails always cause pressure injuries
4. DThe patient may climb over them or get trapped in gaps

In US nursing practice, which task should the RN not assign to an LPN/LVN?

1. AReinforcing hand hygiene teaching that the RN has already given
2. BA dressing change on a healing surgical wound that has no signs of infection
3. CGiving scheduled oral antibiotics to a stable patient
4. DThe initial admission assessment of a new patient with suspected sepsis

Seorang pembantu jururawat menolak tugas yang didelegasikan, dengan berkata dia belum dilatih melakukannya. Apakah respons terbaik daripada jururawat?

1. AMelaporkan pembantu kepada pengurus kerana menolak tugas
2. BBerterima kasih kepada pembantu, pastikan tugas dilakukan dengan selamat dan aturkan latihan
3. CMeninggalkan tugas itu untuk syif seterusnya, apabila ada orang terlatih yang bertugas
4. DMemberitahu pembantu bahawa ia ada dalam huraian kerja dan mesti dilakukan

A patient with severe sepsis starts oozing blood from IV sites and the gums, and bruises appear on the skin. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AAn allergic reaction to the adhesive tape
2. BDisseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
3. CNormal bruising from blood tests
4. DVitamin C deficiency

Pesakit dengan pengkolonian MRSA dimasukkan ke hospital. Langkah berjaga-jaga manakah yang sesuai?

1. ATiada langkah berjaga-jaga diperlukan untuk pengkolonian
2. BLangkah berjaga-jaga sentuhan dengan sarung tangan, apron dan kebersihan tangan yang baik
3. CPengasingan dalam bilik tekanan negatif selama enam bulan
4. DLangkah berjaga-jaga udara dengan pelitup respirator FFP3 untuk semua kakitangan

Which task is most appropriate for a registered nurse to delegate to a trained healthcare assistant (unlicensed assistive personnel)?

1. AAssessing a patient who has just reported new chest pain
2. BMeasuring and recording vital signs on a stable patient
3. CTeaching a patient to inject insulin for the first time
4. DGiving a dose of intravenous antibiotic

A blood sample drawn just after a patient ate a fatty meal is reported as "lipemic." What does this mean for the results?

1. AThe sample shows the patient has diabetic ketoacidosis
2. BHigh fat in the sample may interfere with some test results
3. CThe sample was contaminated by an IV fluid with dextrose
4. DThe results are more accurate than in a fasting sample

A patient admitted with heavy alcohol use and malnutrition has a glucose of 52 mg/dL (2.9 mmol/L) and low magnesium. Which prescribed treatment should be given before the IV glucose?

1. AOral iron
2. BIV thiamine
3. CIV potassium
4. DIV insulin

Benzathine benzylpenicillin (penicillin G benzathine) is ordered. Which route is correct?

1. AIntravenous infusion over 30 minutes
2. BIntravenous push
3. CDeep intramuscular only
4. DSubcutaneous in the abdomen

Kelas ubat manakah yang boleh menyebabkan hiperkalemia yang mengancam nyawa apabila digabungkan dengan perencat ACE?

1. ADiuretik penjimat kalium seperti spironolakton
2. BPerencat pam proton
3. CDiuretik gelung seperti furosemid intravena dos tinggi
4. DDiuretik tiazid

A patient's blood pressure is 120/60 mmHg. What is the approximate mean arterial pressure?

1. A80 mmHg
2. B60 mmHg
3. C100 mmHg
4. D90 mmHg

Ten days after cardiac surgery, a patient has a fever, a red sternal wound with discharge and a clicking feeling in the chest when coughing. What should the nurse suspect?

1. ASternal wound infection with an unstable sternum
2. BCostochondritis caused by forceful coughing
3. CPericarditis from the operation
4. DNormal wound healing with some expected discharge

Set keputusan manakah yang paling menyokong DKA dan bukan HHS?

1. AKeton normal dan bikarbonat normal
2. BKeton tinggi, pH di bawah 7.3 dan bikarbonat rendah
3. CGlukosa melebihi 30 mmol/L dengan pH normal
4. DOsmolaliti sangat tinggi dengan keton jejak sahaja dalam darah

A patient with a brain injury has a mean arterial pressure of 80 mmHg and an ICP of 25 mmHg. How should the nurse interpret this?

1. AThe cerebral perfusion pressure is 105 mmHg, which is too high
2. BThe ICP cannot affect brain perfusion if the blood pressure is normal
3. CThe cerebral perfusion pressure is 80 mmHg, which is normal
4. DThe cerebral perfusion pressure is 55 mmHg, below the usual target

Which drug class is used to reduce the risk of a first variceal bleed in cirrhosis?

1. AProton pump inhibitors
2. BThiazide diuretics
3. CNon-selective beta-blockers
4. DCalcium supplements

A patient with diabetes has a foot ulcer. A sterile probe touches bone at the base of the ulcer. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AVenous insufficiency
2. BSimple dry skin
3. CA healing category 1 ulcer
4. DOsteomyelitis

A breastfed baby has jaundice in the first week with poor feeding and few wet nappies. What is the most likely cause?

1. ABreast milk jaundice
2. BSuboptimal intake jaundice
3. CABO incompatibility
4. DBiliary atresia with obstruction

A breastfeeding mother has a hard, tender lump in one breast without fever. She feels well. What is the most likely cause and the best advice?

1. AMastitis; stop feeding from that breast
2. BA blocked duct; keep feeding and vary positions
3. CA breast abscess; stop breastfeeding completely
4. DBreast cancer; stop breastfeeding at once

Which injury in an infant is most suggestive of physical abuse?

1. AA bruise on the shin of a walking toddler
2. BPosterior rib fractures
3. CA scraped knee in a 3-year-old
4. DA greenstick fracture of the forearm after a fall from a slide

Which finding in a 12-month-old needs further developmental evaluation?

1. ASays "mama" and "dada" to the right parent and waves bye-bye
2. BBecomes upset when a stranger picks her up
3. CA strong Moro reflex is still present
4. DPulls to stand and walks holding on to furniture

What does the Mini-Cog screening test for cognitive impairment involve?

1. AMeasuring the level of alcohol in the blood
2. BRecall of three words and a clock-drawing task
3. CA questionnaire about mood over the past 2 weeks
4. DA 30-minute brain scan

The family of a patient with schizophrenia asks how they can tell if he is becoming unwell again. Which signs should the nurse teach them to watch for?

1. AMild dry mouth in the first week of a new medicine
2. BTalking more openly with his family about his feelings and his plans for the future
3. CA better appetite and more interest in his hobbies
4. DPoor sleep, withdrawal from others and increasing suspiciousness

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan panduan klinikal). Satu dos dicatat pada 08:15 (jam 24 jam). Entri yang manakah merupakan masa yang sama pada jam 12 jam? Klik padanya.

1. 18:15 PM
2. 210:15 AM
3. 37:15 AM
4. 48:15 AM

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan panduan klinikal). Keputusan glukosa darah ialah 255 mg/dL. Dengan menggunakan 1 mmol/L = 18 mg/dL untuk glukosa, cari c dalam mmol/L. Bundarkan kepada satu tempat perpuluhan.

Seorang kanak-kanak seberat 9 kg dipreskripsikan 10 mg/kg ubat. Larutan stok mengandungi 25 mg/mL. Sedut dos itu: berapakah isi padu V yang anda berikan?

Anda perlu menyediakan 1000 mL larutan 2.5% (w/v) daripada larutan stok 25% (w/v). Berapakah isi padu stok V₁ yang anda perlukan?

Infuskan 250 mL selama 3 jam dengan set pemberian 10 gtt/mL. Cari kadar titisan R dalam titis seminit. Bundarkan kepada nombor bulat yang terdekat.

Satu beg mengandungi 250 mg ubat dalam 100 mL dan berjalan pada 10 mL/j. Berapa miligram sejam D yang diterima pesakit?

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan panduan klinikal). Rekod menunjukkan pengambilan dan pengeluaran seorang pesakit untuk satu syif 12 jam. Infusi IV berjalan pada kadar yang ditunjukkan sepanjang syif. Cari jumlah pengambilan I dalam mL. Kira ketulan ais sebagai separuh isi padunya.

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan panduan klinikal). Satu beg 500 mL berjalan dengan pam pada 60 mL/j. Pada 10:30, 100 mL telah diinfuskan. Berapa jam t sehingga beg kosong? Bundarkan kepada satu tempat perpuluhan.

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan panduan klinikal). Seorang pesakit latihan dinilai dengan skala jatuh Morse: sejarah jatuh dalam 3 bulan yang lalu: ya; diagnosis sekunder: ya; alat bantu berjalan: tiada, rehat di katil atau dibantu jururawat; terapi IV atau kunci salina: ya; cara berjalan: lemah; status mental: tahu had sendiri. Cari jumlah Morse MFS.

Latihan (nilai rekaan, bukan panduan klinikal). Pada 5 minit selepas lahir, seorang bayi baru lahir latihan mempunyai kulit biru atau pucat di seluruh badan, kadar denyutan jantung 85/min, berkerut muka apabila dirangsang, sedikit fleksi pada lengan dan kaki dan pernafasan perlahan dan tidak teratur dengan tangisan lemah. Skorkan APGAR dan klik bagaimana skor itu ditafsirkan.

1. 1menenangkan
2. 2tidak normal secara sederhana
3. 3rendah