Pemberian Keutamaan & Delegasi Gaya NCLEX: pek ulang kaji kilat

Arahan manakah kepada pembantu jururawat yang paling jelas?

1. A"Beritahu saya jika ada apa-apa yang kelihatan tidak kena dengan Encik Lee semasa anda berada di situ."
2. B"Perhatikan Encik Lee pagi ini dan beritahu saya bagaimana keadaannya."
3. C"Ukur tekanan darah Encik Lee pada 10:00 dan beritahu saya segera jika sistolik di bawah 100."
4. D"Buat tanda vital Encik Lee sebelum makan tengah hari dan tulis dalam carta untuk saya."

A patient has a heart rate of 38/min, feels dizzy and has a blood pressure of 80/50 mmHg. Which drug is usually given first, as prescribed?

1. AAtropine
2. BDigoxin
3. CDiltiazem
4. DMetoprolol

Before helping a patient from bed into a wheelchair, what should the nurse do with the wheelchair?

1. APlace it at the foot of the bed, facing away
2. BLeave the brakes off so the chair can move along with the patient during the pivot
3. CPlace it on the patient’s weaker side so that side is supported
4. DLock the brakes and place it close to the bed on the patient’s stronger side

A patient refuses to wear an identification wristband. What should the nurse do?

1. AForce the band onto the patient’s wrist
2. BStop giving the patient any care until they agree to wear the band
3. CAccept the refusal and identify the patient by room number and bed space instead
4. DExplain why it is needed, use other ID methods per policy and document

Glukosa puasa seorang pesakit hari ini ialah 98 mg/dL (5.4 mmol/L), tetapi HbA1c ialah 8.9% (74 mmol/mol). Apakah tafsiran yang terbaik?

1. AHbA1c hanya menggambarkan 24 jam yang lalu
2. BPesakit tidak menghidap diabetes
3. CKeputusan baik hari ini menunjukkan diabetes terkawal dengan baik
4. DKawalan glukosa telah lemah sepanjang 2–3 bulan yang lalu

A patient with diabetes and chronic kidney disease had a CT scan with IV contrast. Two days later, the creatinine has risen from 1.4 to 2.0 mg/dL (124 to 177 µmol/L). Which action is most appropriate?

1. AIgnore it, because contrast never affects kidney function
2. BRestrict all fluids to protect the kidneys from more contrast
3. CReport it, monitor urine output and hold metformin until reviewed
4. DGive extra metformin, because the glucose rises after contrast

Which adverse effects should be monitored for in a patient receiving IV gentamicin?

1. AConstipation and urinary retention
2. BKidney damage and hearing loss
3. CHair loss and weight gain
4. DHyperglycaemia and tremor

A patient admitted after a fall takes many regular medicines. Which safety step on admission helps prevent medication errors?

1. APrescribing only the medicines that the patient can remember taking
2. BStopping all regular medicines until the day the patient is discharged
3. CMedicines reconciliation against reliable sources, such as primary care records
4. DDoubling the doses to make up for any missed while at home

Why is pyridoxine (vitamin B6) often given with isoniazid?

1. ATo prevent peripheral neuropathy
2. BTo prevent gout attacks
3. CTo prevent orange discolouration of urine
4. DTo prevent loss of colour vision

A patient with a stab wound to the chest has a hole that sucks air with each breath. What is the immediate management?

1. ASeal it completely with tape on all four sides and leave it alone
2. BLeave it open and give a nebuliser
3. CPack the wound tightly with gauze pushed deep into the chest
4. DCover it with a vented chest seal or a dressing taped on three sides

After a change in the levothyroxine dose, when is the TSH usually rechecked?

1. AAfter 24 hours
2. BAfter 3 days
3. CAfter about 6–8 weeks
4. DAfter about 2 years of treatment

Seorang pesakit yang disyaki strok tiba dua jam selepas permulaan. Glukosa kapilari ialah 2.4 mmol/L (43 mg/dL). Apakah yang patut berlaku seterusnya?

1. AMerawat glukosa rendah dan menilai semula tanda neurologi
2. BMengabaikan glukosa, kerana ia tidak relevan dengan penilaian strok
3. CMemberikan trombolisis serta-merta tanpa semakan selanjutnya
4. DMemberikan insulin IV untuk melindungi sel otak

A routine wound swab grows bacteria, but the wound shows no signs of infection. What does this usually mean?

1. AThe patient needs IV antibiotics straight away, whatever the wound looks like
2. BThe swab result means the wound is infected
3. CThe wound is colonised; antibiotics are not usually needed
4. DThe wound must be closed with sutures again

Mengapakah nalokson biasanya diberikan dalam dos kecil yang berulang kepada pesakit pasca-operasi dengan tekanan pernafasan akibat opioid?

1. AKerana dos besar nalokson tidak mempunyai kesan tambahan langsung
2. BKerana dos tinggi nalokson menyebabkan tekanan pernafasan
3. CUntuk menjadikan opioid bertindak lebih cepat dan lebih kuat
4. DUntuk memulihkan pernafasan tanpa menyebabkan kesakitan teruk dan penarikan