Pemberian Keutamaan & Delegasi Gaya NCLEX: pek ulang kaji kilat

A nurse teaches a patient with COPD pursed-lip breathing. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A“I will make my breath out about twice as long as my breath in.”
2. B“I will breathe out slowly through pursed lips.”
3. C“I will breathe in through my mouth and out quickly through my nose.”
4. D“I will breathe in slowly through my nose.”

Seorang pesakit mengalami kesukaran bercakap secara mendadak 45 minit lalu. Tindakan manakah yang menjadi keutamaan tertinggi?

1. AAktifkan pasukan strok untuk pengimejan segera, dengan mencatat bila kali terakhir pesakit diketahui sihat
2. BBeri aspirin melalui mulut serta-merta untuk menghadkan bekuan
3. CBeri air supaya pesakit boleh mengambil ubat pagi yang biasa
4. DTunggu sehingga pakar neurologi dapat menilai pesakit pada rondaan wad pagi

Bilakah langkah berjaga-jaga titisan bagi pesakit dengan Neisseria meningitidis lazimnya dihentikan?

1. ASebaik sahaja dos antibiotik pertama diberikan
2. BSelepas demam hilang selama satu jam
3. CHanya selepas pesakit discaj
4. DSelepas 24 jam rawatan antibiotik yang berkesan

In US nursing practice, which task should the RN not assign to an LPN/LVN?

1. AThe initial admission assessment of a new patient with suspected sepsis
2. BA dressing change on a healing surgical wound that has no signs of infection
3. CReinforcing hand hygiene teaching that the RN has already given
4. DGiving scheduled oral antibiotics to a stable patient

A test has very high sensitivity for a disease. What does a negative result mean?

1. AThe patient must have a different disease instead
2. BThe disease is unlikely, so it helps rule it out
3. CThe result cannot be used, because sensitivity is high
4. DThe disease is certain, so treatment should begin

A patient with schizophrenia drinks very large amounts of water each day. Sodium is 121 mEq/L, and the urine is very dilute (urine osmolality 70 mOsm/kg). Which explanation fits best?

1. ASyndrome of inappropriate ADH
2. BPrimary (psychogenic) polydipsia
3. CCentral diabetes insipidus
4. DHyperosmolar hyperglycemic state

Which pattern is typical of relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis?

1. AA single stroke that leaves permanent weakness
2. BConstant weakness that starts in the feet and spreads upwards after a viral illness
3. CSudden severe headache with neck stiffness
4. DAttacks of symptoms, such as visual loss or numbness, that improve between relapses

A nurse teaches a patient with reflux disease. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will cut down on alcohol."
2. B"I will raise the head of my bed with blocks."
3. C"I will try to lose some weight over the next months."
4. D"A big meal just before bed is fine if I take my tablet."

A patient on furosemide has a serum potassium of 3.0 mmol/L (3.0 mEq/L). Which symptoms may this cause?

1. AMuscle weakness, cramps and an irregular pulse
2. BTingling around the lips and painful spasm of the hands
3. CSevere headache and a stiff neck
4. DFacial flushing, fever and a skin rash

Shortly after a thoracentesis, a patient becomes breathless with sharp chest pain and reduced breath sounds on the same side. What complication is most likely?

1. AInfection at the puncture site
2. BRe-accumulation of the effusion
3. CPulmonary embolism from the leg
4. DPneumothorax

Several hours after a carotid endarterectomy, which finding needs the most urgent action?

1. AA small amount of dried blood on the dressing
2. BA blood pressure slightly above the baseline
3. CMild pain at the incision site
4. DAn expanding neck swelling with noisy breathing

During a water deprivation test for suspected diabetes insipidus, the patient loses more than 3% of body weight and becomes hypotensive. What should the nurse do?

1. AContinue the test, because this result is expected
2. BStop the test and inform the doctor
3. CGive desmopressin without a prescription
4. DGive the patient a large drink and then restart the test

Why are antimotility drugs such as loperamide avoided in C. difficile infection?

1. AThey make the stool sample test positive falsely
2. BThey cause serious liver failure in most patients who take them
3. CThey may keep toxin in the bowel and risk toxic megacolon
4. DThey kill the normal bowel bacteria

A patient with recurrent diverticulitis reports passing air and faecal matter in the urine. What is the most likely cause?

1. AA fistula between the colon and the bladder
2. BA kidney stone blocking the ureter
3. CBowel preparation that was taken too quickly
4. DA simple lower urinary tract infection