Pemberian Keutamaan & Delegasi Gaya NCLEX: pek ulang kaji kilat

A malnourished patient admitted with alcohol use disorder needs IV glucose. Which vitamin is given before or with it?

1. AVitamin D (calciferol)
2. BVitamin C (ascorbic acid)
3. CThiamine (vitamin B₁)
4. DVitamin K (phytonadione)

A patient with a head injury has a pupil on one side that is now large and does not react to light. What should the nurse do?

1. ARecheck it at the next routine observation in four hours
2. BDim the room lights so the pupil can get smaller
3. CDocument it, because pupils often differ slightly after a head injury
4. DReport it at once, as it may mean the brain is being compressed

Dalam kebakaran hospital, cara memindahkan pesakit yang manakah lazimnya dielakkan?

1. ATangga
2. BMenolak katil melalui pintu kebakaran
3. CLif
4. DBergerak secara mendatar ke kawasan lain pada tingkat yang sama di sebalik pintu kebakaran

A nurse calculates a child’s prescribed dose and finds it is ten times higher than the usual dose for the child’s weight. What should the nurse do?

1. AGive half the dose and watch the child closely
2. BGive one-tenth of the dose without telling anyone about it
3. CHold the dose and verify it with the prescriber and pharmacist
4. DGive it, because the prescriber must have a reason

A patient has macrocytic anemia with numbness and tingling of the feet and poor balance. Which deficiency is most likely?

1. AVitamin C (ascorbic acid)
2. BIron (low ferritin)
3. CFolate (folic acid)
4. DVitamin B₁₂

Paras litium 1.0 mEq/L diambil 2 jam selepas dos pagi pesakit, dan pemreskripsi merancang untuk menaikkan dos. Apakah yang patut ditunjukkan oleh jururawat?

1. AParas litium boleh diambil pada bila-bila masa sepanjang hari tanpa menjejaskan keputusan
2. BParas terlalu rendah, maka peningkatan besar jelas selamat
3. CParas itu toksik, maka litium patut dihentikan selama-lamanya
4. DSampel diambil terlalu awal selepas dos, maka ia bukan paras yang sah

Which rule is essential for safe use of patient-controlled analgesia (PCA)?

1. AThe nurse should press it every hour
2. BThe button should be pressed before each meal
3. COnly the patient should press the button
4. DRelatives should press it while the patient sleeps

A potassium result of 6.9 mmol/L comes back on a well patient with a normal ECG, and the laboratory reports that the sample was haemolysed. What is the best action?

1. AStart a potassium supplement
2. BRepeat the blood test promptly, as haemolysis can falsely raise potassium
3. CIgnore the result because the patient looks well and the ECG is normal
4. DGive IV insulin and glucose straight away

A patient's capillary refill time at the fingertip is 4 seconds. What does this suggest?

1. AAn unusually strong cardiac output
2. BA high haemoglobin level
3. CNormal peripheral perfusion
4. DReduced peripheral perfusion

A patient who injects drugs has a fever, a new heart murmur and splinter haemorrhages. Before antibiotics are started, what is most important?

1. AArrange an exercise ECG test
2. BWait for an echocardiogram before taking any samples
3. CTake a single blood culture from the cannula
4. DTake several sets of blood cultures from separate sites

A patient with migraine takes painkillers or triptans on most days and now has a headache almost every day. What is the likely problem?

1. AAn allergy to the painkillers
2. BA brain tumour, which is almost certain
3. CNormal progress of migraine
4. DMedication overuse headache

Seorang pesakit strok iskemia akut bukan calon trombolisis. Pada hari pertama TD ialah 190/100 mmHg tanpa kecemasan lain. Apakah yang pada amnya sesuai?

1. AMembaringkan pesakit mendatar dan memberikan bolus cecair yang besar
2. BMengelak penurunan agresif dan mengikut sasaran pasukan strok
3. CMemberikan semburan nitrat setiap 5 minit sehingga di bawah 120 mmHg
4. DMenurunkannya dengan pantas kepada 110/70 mmHg dengan ubat IV

A day after a spinal anaesthetic, a patient has a headache that is worse when sitting up and better when lying flat. What is the most likely cause?

1. ARaised blood pressure from pain
2. BMigraine caused by hospital lighting
3. CPost-dural puncture headache
4. DA side effect of the antibiotic

Seorang pesakit ensefalopati hepatik resah pada waktu malam. Benzodiazepin dicadangkan untuk tidur. Apakah yang patut dilakukan oleh jururawat?

1. AMempersoalkannya, kerana sedatif boleh memburukkan ensefalopati
2. BMemberikannya pada dos berganda untuk memastikan tidur
3. CMemberikannya dan menghentikan laktulosa untuk mengelakkan cirit-birit
4. DMemberikannya, kerana hati tidak menjejaskan sedatif