1.Pemberian keutamaan & delegasiSederhana
A patient is in skeletal traction. Which finding needs the nurse to act?
- AThe weights are hanging freely
- BThe patient’s body is in line with the traction
- CThe weights are resting on the floor
- DThe ropes are in the pulleys
2.Pemberian keutamaan & delegasiSukar
During birth, the baby’s head delivers but the shoulders do not follow. What should the nurse do first?
- APull hard on the baby’s head and neck to free the trapped shoulders quickly
- BPush firmly on the top of the uterus (fundal pressure)
- CAsk the mother to stop pushing and wait an hour
- DHelp with the McRoberts position and give suprapubic pressure as directed
3.Kawalan jangkitan & keselamatan pesakitSederhana
Why is keeping a patient warm (normothermia) during surgery part of infection prevention?
- ACold makes bacteria grow faster in the operating room air and on the drapes
- BWarm patients do not need antibiotic prophylaxis
- CLow body temperature reduces blood flow and immune function in the wound
- DWarmth sterilizes the surgical site
4.Kawalan jangkitan & keselamatan pesakitSukar
A nurse teaches new parents about safe infant sleep. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?
- A“We will lay the baby on the back for every sleep, including naps.”
- B“We will keep the crib in our room, next to our bed, for the first months.”
- C“We will put a soft bumper pad and a blanket in the crib so the baby is cozy.”
- D“We will not smoke near the baby.”
5.Nilai makmal & elektrolitSederhana
Seorang pesakit mempunyai hematokrit 54%, BUN tinggi dan graviti tentu air kencing 1.034. Apakah yang dicadangkan oleh corak ini?
- ALebihan cecair
- BKehilangan darah akut dengan pencairan
- CKegagalan buah pinggang dengan air kencing cair
- DDehidrasi dengan hemopemekatan
6.Nilai makmal & elektrolitSukar
A patient who had pituitary surgery has fatigue and cold intolerance. The free T4 is low and the TSH is low. What does this pattern suggest?
- ASecondary (central) hypothyroidism from pituitary failure
- BPrimary hypothyroidism from failure of the thyroid gland
- CHyperthyroidism from overactivity of the thyroid gland
- DNormal thyroid function with a laboratory error in T4
7.Kejururawatan klinikalSederhana
Which equipment must always be kept at the bedside of a patient with a tracheostomy?
- AA blood glucose meter and a spare urinary catheter of the same size
- BSpare tracheostomy tubes, including one a size smaller, and working suction
- CA peak flow meter and a nebuliser
- DA blood pressure cuff and a spare nasal cannula and oxygen mask only
8.Kejururawatan klinikalSukar
A patient with a central venous catheter needs the line removed. Which position reduces the risk of air embolism during removal of a neck or chest line?
- AStanding up and walking
- BLying flat or slightly head-down, holding the breath or breathing out
- CSitting fully upright and taking a deep breath in as the line comes out
- DLying on the right side with the legs raised
9.Perubatan-pembedahan: kardiovaskular & respiratoriSederhana
What is the purpose of cardiac resynchronisation therapy (a biventricular pacemaker)?
- ATo slow the atrial rate in patients with atrial fibrillation
- BTo make both ventricles contract together and more efficiently
- CTo deliver a shock whenever the heart rate exceeds 100/min
- DTo replace a damaged heart valve
10.Perubatan-pembedahan: kardiovaskular & respiratoriSukar
A nurse teaches a patient who has a new permanent pacemaker. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?
- A"I will keep my mobile phone in my shirt pocket over the device."
- B"I will carry my pacemaker identification card with me at all times."
- C"I will keep my follow-up appointments for device checks."
- D"I will tell staff about the device before any MRI scan."
11.Perubatan-pembedahan: neurologi, endokrin & renalSederhana
For which patient would the nurse question an order for pioglitazone?
- AA patient with heart failure
- BA patient with an allergy to latex
- CA patient with asthma
- DA patient with hypothyroidism
12.Perubatan-pembedahan: neurologi, endokrin & renalSukar
A haemodialysis patient missed their last two sessions. They are breathless, with crackles, and the potassium is 6.9 mmol/L. What is the priority?
- AUrgent dialysis, with cardiac monitoring meanwhile
- BLarge IV fluid boluses to improve the circulation
- CA routine dialysis session at the next planned slot
- DOral potassium supplements and rest
13.Perubatan-pembedahan: GI, perioperatif & onkologiSederhana
Why is pethidine (meperidine) generally avoided for regular pain relief?
- AIt always causes severe diarrhoea
- BIt can only be given by mouth
- CA metabolite can build up and cause seizures
- DIt has no pain-relieving effect at all in adults
14.Perubatan-pembedahan: GI, perioperatif & onkologiSukar
Seorang pesakit sekatan usus kecil mempunyai tiub nasogastrik yang menyalirkan 2 L sehari. Tumpuan kejururawatan manakah yang paling penting?
- AImbangan cecair yang tepat dengan penggantian IV dan semakan elektrolit
- BMengeluarkan tiub sebaik sahaja 1 L disalirkan untuk mencegah kehilangan
- CMengapit tiub untuk jangka masa panjang bagi menyimpan cecair perut
- DMemberikan cecair oral dengan bebas untuk menggantikan apa yang dikeluarkan oleh tiub