1.Pemberian keutamaan & delegasiSederhana
Semasa triaj START di tempat kejadian korban beramai-ramai, seorang mangsa boleh berjalan ke kawasan yang ditetapkan apabila diminta. Kategori manakah yang diberikan kepada mangsa itu?
- AKuning (ditangguhkan)
- BMerah (segera)
- CHijau (kecil)
- DHitam (dijangka maut)
2.Pemberian keutamaan & delegasiSukar
Semasa syif yang sibuk, empat tugas perlu dilakukan. Yang manakah patut dilakukan dahulu oleh jururawat?
- AMembantu pesakit yang stabil mengisi kad menu esok
- BMengemas kini pelan penjagaan kejururawatan sebelum audit pengurus
- CMemberi tablet vitamin harian rutin yang dijadualkan pada masa yang sama
- DDos pertama antibiotik IV untuk pesakit yang disyaki sepsis
3.Kawalan jangkitan & keselamatan pesakitSederhana
Bilakah langkah berjaga-jaga titisan bagi pesakit dengan Neisseria meningitidis lazimnya dihentikan?
- ASelepas demam hilang selama satu jam
- BSelepas 24 jam rawatan antibiotik yang berkesan
- CSebaik sahaja dos antibiotik pertama diberikan
- DHanya selepas pesakit discaj
4.Kawalan jangkitan & keselamatan pesakitSukar
A nurse teaches an older adult about preventing falls at home. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?
- A“I wear shoes with non-slip soles around the house.”
- B“I had grab bars put in next to the toilet.”
- C“I keep small rugs in the hall so my feet stay warm.”
- D“I use night lights between my bedroom and the bathroom.”
5.Nilai makmal & elektrolitSederhana
A patient taking spironolactone asks about using a salt substitute. What should the nurse explain?
- ASalt substitutes are fine as long as the patient drinks more water
- BSalt substitutes protect against the potassium loss caused by this drug
- CMost salt substitutes contain potassium and can raise the level too high
- DSalt substitutes are safe because they contain only sodium chloride
6.Nilai makmal & elektrolitSukar
A woman who is 34 weeks pregnant has high blood pressure, right upper abdominal pain, a platelet count of 70 × 10³/µL, raised ALT and AST, and a raised LDH. Which condition fits best?
- AAcute cholecystitis
- BHELLP syndrome
- CGestational diabetes
- DPhysiologic anemia of pregnancy
7.Kejururawatan klinikalSederhana
A patient with leukaemia has a very low platelet count. Which nursing precaution is appropriate?
- AUse a soft toothbrush and an electric razor
- BTake temperatures rectally
- CGive medicines by intramuscular injection
- DEncourage contact sports to keep fit
8.Kejururawatan klinikalSukar
A patient with an epidural catheter develops new back pain and increasing leg weakness when the block should be wearing off. What should be suspected?
- AAn epidural haematoma or abscess compressing the spinal cord
- BThe normal expected effect of the local anaesthetic
- CMuscle strain from lying in the same position in bed for many hours
- DMild hypokalaemia
9.Perubatan-pembedahan: kardiovaskular & respiratoriSederhana
Why are patients with mitral stenosis at high risk of atrial fibrillation?
- AThe right ventricle shrinks and stops contracting properly over time
- BThe coronary arteries become blocked by the valve
- CThe narrow valve presses on the sinus node and slows it down directly
- DThe left atrium enlarges as it pushes blood through the narrow valve
10.Perubatan-pembedahan: kardiovaskular & respiratoriSukar
A hypotensive patient has a temperature of 39.2 °C, warm flushed skin, a bounding pulse and a fast heart rate. Which type of shock is most likely?
- ACardiogenic shock
- BEarly septic (distributive) shock
- CObstructive shock from tamponade
- DHypovolaemic shock from bleeding
11.Perubatan-pembedahan: neurologi, endokrin & renalSederhana
Corak elektrolit manakah yang tipikal bagi penyakit Addison?
- ANatrium rendah dan kalium tinggi
- BKalium rendah dan glukosa rendah
- CKalsium tinggi dan fosfat rendah
- DNatrium tinggi dan kalium rendah
12.Perubatan-pembedahan: neurologi, endokrin & renalSukar
A patient with hypopituitarism needs both hydrocortisone and levothyroxine. Which is usually started first?
- ANeither, until symptoms appear
- BHydrocortisone
- CBoth on the same day, in any order
- DLevothyroxine
13.Perubatan-pembedahan: GI, perioperatif & onkologiSederhana
Which nursing intervention best reduces preoperative anxiety?
- ATelling the patient that there is nothing to worry about
- BExplaining what will happen and answering questions
- CAvoiding talking about the operation at all
- DKeeping family members away until after surgery
14.Perubatan-pembedahan: GI, perioperatif & onkologiSukar
A patient with a PICC line develops swelling and aching of the same arm and prominent veins on the chest. What should the nurse suspect?
- AAn allergy to the dressing
- BA catheter-related deep vein thrombosis
- CLymphoedema from a previous operation
- DNormal swelling after line insertion