1.Pemberian keutamaan & delegasiSederhana
A patient wants to leave the hospital against medical advice. What should the nurse do?
- ALet the patient leave without telling anyone
- BHide the patient’s clothes and belongings until the provider arrives
- CLock the door so the patient cannot leave the unit
- DInform the provider, explain the risks and document the discussion
2.Pemberian keutamaan & delegasiSukar
A day after a femur fracture, a young patient becomes confused and breathless, with small red spots on the chest. What should the nurse suspect?
- AAlcohol withdrawal
- BFat embolism syndrome
- CNormal pain after a fracture
- DAn allergic reaction to the cast
3.Kawalan jangkitan & keselamatan pesakitSederhana
When is a prophylactic antibiotic usually given to prevent a surgical site infection?
- AThe day after surgery, once the wound is closed
- BWithin about 60 minutes before the incision
- COnly if a fever develops after surgery
- DOne week before surgery
4.Kawalan jangkitan & keselamatan pesakitSukar
A patient’s white cell differential shows a raised number of band (immature) neutrophils, called a “shift to the left”. What does this usually suggest?
- AA long-standing parasitic infection
- BAn allergic reaction
- CA typical viral infection
- DAn acute bacterial infection
5.Nilai makmal & elektrolitSederhana
Two sets of blood cultures are ordered for a patient with suspected sepsis. How are they best collected?
- AFrom the existing IV line while the infusion continues to run
- BAfter the first antibiotic dose, so the infusion is not delayed
- CBoth from the same site, one minute apart, to save time for the patient
- DFrom two separate venipuncture sites, using strict aseptic technique
6.Nilai makmal & elektrolitSukar
An RN cares for a patient on a 24-hour urine collection. Which task can be delegated to unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP), such as a nursing or healthcare assistant?
- ATeaching the patient why the 24-hour collection is needed
- BInterpreting the creatinine clearance result when it comes back
- CSaving all urine in the collection container as instructed
- DDeciding whether to restart the collection after a missed sample
7.Kejururawatan klinikalSederhana
Which side effect of regular opioids usually needs preventive treatment from the start?
- AHigh blood pressure
- BConstipation
- CDiarrhoea
- DExcessive hunger
8.Kejururawatan klinikalSukar
After a viral illness, a patient has sharp chest pain that is worse lying flat and eased by sitting forward. What is the most likely cause?
- AStable angina
- BAortic dissection
- CPericarditis
- DPulmonary oedema
9.Perubatan-pembedahan: kardiovaskular & respiratoriSederhana
A patient on home oxygen has dry, sore lips. Which product is safest to use?
- AA water-based lubricant
- BAn alcohol-based gel
- CPetroleum jelly
- DAn oil-based balm
10.Perubatan-pembedahan: kardiovaskular & respiratoriSukar
A nurse teaches a patient who is starting warfarin. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?
- A"I will have regular INR blood tests."
- B"If I miss a dose, I will take two the next day."
- C"I will tell my dentist that I take warfarin."
- D"I will check before taking any new medicines or herbal remedies."
11.Perubatan-pembedahan: neurologi, endokrin & renalSederhana
Seorang pesakit yang mengambil karbimazol untuk hipertiroidisme melaporkan sakit tekak dan demam. Apakah yang patut dilakukan oleh jururawat?
- AMenggandakan dos untuk mengawal tiroid dengan lebih cepat
- BMenasihati berkumur air garam dan meneruskan ubat selama seminggu
- CMenenangkan pesakit, kerana ubat tidak mempunyai kesan sampingan darah yang serius
- DMengatur kiraan darah penuh segera untuk mencari agranulositosis
12.Perubatan-pembedahan: neurologi, endokrin & renalSukar
Seorang pesakit diabetes insipidus kranial memulakan desmopresin. Komplikasi manakah yang patut dipantau oleh jururawat?
- AHiponatremia
- BHiperkalemia
- CCirit-birit teruk
- DHiperglisemia
13.Perubatan-pembedahan: GI, perioperatif & onkologiSederhana
Which advice has good evidence for reducing cancer-related fatigue?
- AAvoiding all daily activities
- BRegular light to moderate activity, such as walking
- CDrinking several strong coffees every evening
- DComplete bed rest for the whole course of treatment
14.Perubatan-pembedahan: GI, perioperatif & onkologiSukar
A patient with diabetes has rapidly spreading redness around a small wound, severe pain out of proportion, fever and crackling under the skin. What should the nurse suspect?
- AA simple insect bite
- BNecrotising fasciitis
- CA healing venous ulcer
- DMild contact dermatitis