Lembaran formula, langkah kaedah utama untuk setiap topik dan 16 soalan latihan, dengan penyelesaian penuh di bahagian belakang.
“Water covers about 71 percent of Earth’s surface. Most of that water is salt water in the oceans. Only a small share is fresh water, and much of it is frozen in ice caps and glaciers.” What can you conclude from the passage?
A study compares two groups of patients after knee surgery. Group A did physiotherapy three times a week; Group B did it once a week. After two months, Group A could walk farther. The groups were similar in age and health at the start. Why does it matter that the groups were similar at the start?
Hitung 2 1/2 − 1 1/4. Klik jawapan dalam bentuk termudah.
Seorang jururawat penjagaan di rumah memandu 81 batu dalam 1 h 48 min. Berapakah purata laju v dalam batu sejam?
Tulang tengkorak manakah yang mengandungi foramen magnum?
Dalam segi tiga femoral, apakah susunan struktur utama dari lateral ke medial?
Keluaran kardium sama dengan kadar jantung didarab dengan:
Mengapakah orang dengan kekurangan laktase mengalami cirit-birit dan kembung selepas minum susu?
Which sequence describes the usual flow of genetic information in a cell?
Cyanide stops mitochondria from making ATP. Which process in the affected cells would stop first?
Berapakah peratus jisim garam dalam larutan yang dibuat daripada 15 g garam dan 135 g air?
A salt is dissolved in water in an insulated cup, and the water temperature falls from 25 °C to 20 °C. Which statement is correct?
Choose the correct word: “The team ___ won every game this season.”
Which sentence contains a squinting (ambiguous) modifier?
Choose the meaning of the word in bold: “The patient was emaciated after months of illness.”
What does the term osteoarthritis mean?
Jawapan: B · Fresh liquid water is only a small part of Earth’s water.
Most water is salty, only a small share is fresh, and much of that is frozen, so liquid fresh water is a small part of the total.
Jawapan: C · It makes physiotherapy the more likely cause.
If the groups started out alike, differences in age or health are unlikely to explain the result, so the extra physiotherapy is a more likely cause.
Jawapan: 1 1/4
Menambah dan menolak pecahan: penyebut mestilah sama. Cari penyebut sepunya terkecil (LCD), tulis semula setiap pecahan dengannya dengan mendarab atas dan bawah dengan nombor yang sama, kemudian tambah atau tolak pengangka sahaja. Permudahkan dengan membahagi atas dan bawah dengan faktor sepunya terbesarnya, dan tulis pecahan tak wajar sebagai nombor bercampur.
Gandaan sepunya terkecil bagi 2 dan 4 ialah 4.
Jawapan: v = 45 mph
Kadar dan skala: laju = jarak ÷ masa, dengan masa dalam unit jawapan (2 h 15 min = 2.25 h, kerana 15 min = 15/60 h). Skala peta ialah kadaran: 1 cm pada peta mewakili jarak tetap di atas tanah, jadi darabkan jarak peta dengannya.
Jawapan: A · Tulang oksipital
Foramen magnum ialah bukaan besar pada tulang oksipital yang dilalui oleh medula oblongata apabila ia bersambung sebagai saraf tunjang.
Jawapan: A · Saraf femoral, arteri femoral, vena femoral
Dari lateral ke medial: saraf, arteri, vena, kemudian ruang kosong dan salur limfa (NAVEL). Inilah sebabnya nadi arteri femoral terletak antara saraf dan vena.
Jawapan: B · Isi padu strok
CO = HR × SV. Semasa rehat kira-kira 70 denyutan/min × 70 mL ≈ 5 L/min.
Jawapan: C · Laktosa yang tidak dicernakan menarik air ke dalam usus dan ditapai oleh bakteria kolon
Laktosa yang tidak diserap bertindak secara osmosis, menarik air ke dalam lumen. Bakteria kolon menapainya, menghasilkan gas dan asid lemak rantai pendek.
Jawapan: C · DNA to RNA to protein
Genes in DNA are transcribed into RNA, and mRNA is translated into protein. Retroviruses such as HIV are an exception, as they copy RNA into DNA using reverse transcriptase.
Jawapan: A · Pumping of Na⁺ and K⁺ by the sodium-potassium pump
Only active transport uses ATP, so the sodium-potassium pump fails when ATP runs out. Diffusion, osmosis and facilitated diffusion are passive and are driven by concentration gradients.
Jawapan: D · 10%
Larutan itu berjisim 15 + 135 = 150 g, jadi garam ialah 15/150 × 100 = 10%. Membahagi dengan air sahaja memberikan 11%.
Jawapan: D · Dissolving is endothermic; the dissolving salt took heat from the water
The water (surroundings) lost heat, so the dissolving process (system) absorbed it. A process that takes in heat and cools its surroundings is endothermic.
Jawapan: B · has
“The team” acts as a single group here, so it takes the singular verb “has”.
Jawapan: A · Students who study often get good grades.
In A, “often” could modify “study” or “get”, so the meaning is unclear. Moving the modifier, as in C, removes the ambiguity.
Jawapan: D · Extremely thin and weak
Emaciated means abnormally thin, usually from illness or lack of food.
Jawapan: B · A condition of the bones and joints with joint inflammation
Oste/o (bone) + arthr/o (joint) + -itis (inflammation). It is a degenerative disease of the joints and the bone beneath the cartilage.
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