Lembaran kerja Kejururawatan klinikal dengan jawapan

Which of these is a common complication of prolonged bed rest?

1. ADeep vein thrombosis
2. BIncreased muscle strength
3. CLower risk of pressure ulcers
4. DImproved lung expansion

The term "hypernatraemia" means:

1. AA high serum potassium level
2. BA low serum sodium level
3. CA high blood glucose level
4. DA high serum sodium level

Kedudukan tiub nasogastrik lazimnya disahkan di sisi katil dengan:

1. AMendengar udara dengan stetoskop ("ujian whoosh")
2. BMenguji pH cecair yang disedut
3. CMeletakkan hujung tiub dalam segelas air
4. DMeminta pesakit batuk

Gangguan elektrolit manakah yang paling berbahaya bagi rentak jantung?

1. AKalium tinggi atau rendah
2. BNatrium rendah
3. CFosfat rendah
4. DKlorida tinggi

Why are older adults at higher risk of dehydration?

1. ATheir body water content increases with age
2. BTheir sense of thirst is often reduced
3. CTheir kidneys hold on to too much water
4. DThey always drink large amounts of tea

What is one advantage of a direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) such as apixaban compared with warfarin?

1. AIt does not need routine INR monitoring
2. BIt never interacts with other drugs
3. CIt has no risk of bleeding
4. DIt is safe in all patients with severe kidney failure

Why should chronic hypernatraemia be corrected gradually?

1. ASlow correction is only needed in children
2. BFast correction causes severe hyperkalaemia
3. CLowering the sodium too fast can cause cerebral oedema
4. DFast correction causes osmotic demyelination from swelling of the kidneys

A drowsy patient in recovery is making snoring sounds and the SpO₂ is falling. What is the first action?

1. AGive sips of oral fluid to clear the throat and wake them
2. BWait for the patient to wake up fully
3. CLie the patient face down
4. DOpen the airway with a head tilt–chin lift or jaw thrust