Lembaran kerja Kejururawatan klinikal dengan jawapan

A pressure ulcer with partial-thickness skin loss, seen as a shallow open wound or an intact blister, is which category (stage)?

1. ACategory 3
2. BCategory 1
3. CCategory 4
4. DCategory 2

How is body mass index (BMI) calculated?

1. AWeight in kilograms divided by height in metres squared
2. BWaist size divided by hip size
3. CHeight in metres divided by weight in kilograms, then squared
4. DWeight in kilograms multiplied by height in metres

Why should insulin injection sites be rotated?

1. ATo make the insulin work more slowly and evenly every time
2. BTo prevent lumpy fatty areas that make absorption unpredictable
3. CTo stop the insulin from freezing under the skin
4. DBecause insulin causes the skin to bleed if one site is used often

Which is a first-line nursing measure to help prevent constipation in hospital?

1. AEncouraging fluids, fibre and mobility
2. BRestricting fluids to reduce urine output
3. CGiving an enema to every patient on admission
4. DKeeping the patient in bed

Which group of symptoms suggests hypothyroidism?

1. AFever, neck stiffness and photophobia
2. BWeight loss, heat intolerance and tremor
3. CExcessive thirst and passing large volumes of urine
4. DTiredness, weight gain and feeling cold

A patient with pneumonia is breathless and coughing up thick sputum. Which nursing measure helps most with breathing?

1. ADiscouraging coughing to save energy
2. BLying the patient flat so that they can rest and conserve energy
3. CRestricting all oral fluids
4. DSitting the patient upright and supporting them to clear secretions

An older patient found on the floor after lying there for many hours has dark brown urine and a very high creatine kinase. What is the main risk?

1. AA stroke
2. BHypoglycaemia
3. CAcute kidney injury from rhabdomyolysis
4. DA urinary tract infection from lying in urine

Which feature best distinguishes delirium from dementia?

1. ADelirium is permanent, while dementia is reversible
2. BDelirium starts suddenly and fluctuates, while dementia develops gradually
3. CDelirium only affects people under 50, while dementia affects older people
4. DDementia always causes visual hallucinations