Lembaran kerja Nilai makmal & elektrolit dengan jawapan

For many non-pregnant adults with diabetes, which HbA1c target is commonly recommended?

1. AAbove 9% (75 mmol/mol)
2. BBelow 7% (53 mmol/mol)
3. CBelow 10% (86 mmol/mol)
4. DBelow 4% (20 mmol/mol)

A urine dipstick is positive for nitrites. What does this most likely show?

1. ARed blood cells leaking from the glomeruli
2. BBacteria in the urine that convert nitrate to nitrite
3. CGlucose spilling into the urine from high blood levels
4. DKetones produced from fat breakdown in fasting

Natrium serum 128 mEq/L dipanggil:

1. AHiperkalemia
2. BHipernatremia
3. CHiponatremia
4. DHipokalemia

Rawatan manakah yang menurunkan kalium serum dengan memindahkannya ke dalam sel?

1. AInfusi natrium klorida 0.45% IV
2. BInsulin biasa IV yang diberikan bersama glukosa
3. CSuplemen kalium klorida oral
4. DKalsium glukonat IV yang diberikan selama 10 minit

A patient on warfarin for atrial fibrillation has a target INR of 2.0–3.0. How does the usual target for a patient with a mechanical mitral valve compare?

1. ALower, about 1.0–1.5
2. BMuch higher, about 5.0–6.0
3. CHigher, about 2.5–3.5
4. DThe same, 2.0–3.0

Which instruction is correct for a patient taking an oral potassium chloride supplement?

1. ATake it with food and a full glass of water, and do not crush extended-release tablets
2. BUse a salt substitute as well, so less of the tablet is needed each day
3. CTake it on an empty stomach with only a small sip of water to speed absorption
4. DCrush the extended-release tablets and mix them with a little water if needed

A patient has a hemoglobin of 11.2 g/dL (112 g/L), an MCV of 64 fL, a normal ferritin and a normal-to-high red cell count. What is the most likely cause?

1. AIron deficiency
2. BVitamin B₁₂ deficiency
3. CThalassemia trait
4. DAcute blood loss

A patient with cirrhosis and ascites has fever and abdominal tenderness. The ascitic fluid neutrophil count is 400 cells/mm³. What does this indicate?

1. ASpontaneous bacterial peritonitis
2. BNormal ascitic fluid in cirrhosis
3. CBleeding into the abdominal cavity
4. DMalignant ascites from cancer