Lembaran kerja Nilai makmal & elektrolit dengan jawapan

Which blood marker is the most specific for injury to the heart muscle?

1. ALactate dehydrogenase
2. BTotal creatine kinase
3. CSerum myoglobin
4. DCardiac troponin

Apakah yang terutamanya ditunjukkan oleh protein C-reaktif (CRP) yang meningkat?

1. ADehidrasi dan kehilangan cecair
2. BKeradangan dalam badan
3. CSerangan jantung khususnya
4. DKegagalan buah pinggang khususnya

Bilakah paras palung vankomisin diambil?

1. APada bila-bila masa yang sesuai sepanjang hari, tanpa mengira bila dos perlu diberikan
2. BDua jam selepas infusi bermula
3. CSejurus selepas infusi selesai berjalan
4. DSejurus sebelum dos seterusnya, biasanya dalam masa 30 minit daripadanya

A patient has a calcium of 7.0 mg/dL (1.75 mmol/L) and tingling around the mouth. Which nursing measure is most appropriate?

1. AEncourage 3 L of fluid per day to dilute the calcium
2. BLimit dairy products until the level falls again
3. CPut seizure precautions in place and report the result
4. DPromote walking to move calcium back into the bone

A patient has a calcium of 11.8 mg/dL (2.95 mmol/L) from bone metastases. Which nursing measure is appropriate?

1. AEncourage bed rest and limit oral fluids
2. BEncourage fluids and mobility as tolerated
3. COffer extra milk and cheese at each meal
4. DGive calcium carbonate antacids for nausea

When blood is drawn from a central venous catheter, why is a small volume of blood usually discarded first, according to policy?

1. ATo check that the catheter tip is still in the right vein
2. BTo remove blood clots that form in all central lines
3. CTo lower the patient's hemoglobin for a blood transfusion
4. DTo avoid diluting the sample with flush or infusion fluid

A patient with long-standing rheumatoid arthritis has a hemoglobin of 10.5 g/dL (105 g/L), a low serum iron, a low total iron-binding capacity (TIBC) and a high-normal ferritin. Which condition fits best?

1. AIron-deficiency anemia
2. BVitamin B₁₂ deficiency anemia
3. CAnemia of chronic disease (inflammation)
4. DAcute blood loss anemia

A patient in hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state has a glucose of 1,050 mg/dL (58 mmol/L), very dry mucous membranes and a fast pulse. Which treatment is usually the first priority?

1. AOral glucose-lowering tablets
2. BAn IV bolus of sodium bicarbonate
3. CStrict fluid restriction
4. DLarge-volume IV fluid replacement