Lembaran kerja Nilai makmal & elektrolit dengan jawapan

Which blood group's plasma can be given to patients of any ABO group (universal plasma donor)?

1. AGroup B
2. BGroup A
3. CGroup O
4. DGroup AB

A positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) test means:

1. AThe person is immune from vaccination only
2. BThe person has never met the virus
3. CThe person had hepatitis A in the past
4. DThe person currently has hepatitis B infection

Using American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria, a fasting plasma glucose of 100–125 mg/dL (5.6–6.9 mmol/L) is classed as:

1. AMild hypoglycemia (low glucose)
2. BNormal fasting glucose for an adult
3. CPrediabetes (impaired fasting glucose)
4. DType 1 diabetes mellitus

A trauma patient receives 2 L of IV crystalloid. The hemoglobin falls from 13.0 to 11.4 g/dL (130 to 114 g/L), and the vital signs are now stable. Which explanation is most likely?

1. AA laboratory error in the first sample
2. BIncreased red cell production
3. CDilution of the blood by the IV fluid
4. DA sudden failure of the bone marrow

A healthy woman at 28 weeks of pregnancy has a mildly lower hemoglobin than before pregnancy, with a normal MCV and ferritin. What is the most likely explanation?

1. APregnancy hormones stop the bone marrow from making red cells
2. BPlasma volume rises more than red cell mass, diluting the blood
3. CIron is being lost through the kidneys during the pregnancy
4. DThe fetus is destroying the mother's red cells in the circulation

A patient on warfarin for atrial fibrillation has a target INR of 2.0–3.0. How does the usual target for a patient with a mechanical mitral valve compare?

1. AThe same, 2.0–3.0
2. BLower, about 1.0–1.5
3. CMuch higher, about 5.0–6.0
4. DHigher, about 2.5–3.5

Four results arrive at the same time. Which patient should the nurse see first?

1. AHemoglobin 10.4 g/dL (104 g/L) in a patient with stable chronic kidney disease
2. BGlucose 48 mg/dL (2.7 mmol/L) in a patient who had insulin an hour ago
3. CINR 2.6 in a patient on warfarin for atrial fibrillation
4. DWhite cell count 12.0 × 10³/µL on the first day after surgery

A patient receiving IV magnesium sulfate has a respiratory rate of 9/min and absent patellar reflexes. After stopping the infusion, which medication should the nurse expect to give?

1. APotassium chloride
2. BProtamine sulfate
3. CCalcium gluconate
4. DSodium bicarbonate