Lembaran kerja Nilai makmal & elektrolit dengan jawapan

Apakah julat rujukan dewasa yang lazim bagi kreatinin serum?

1. AKira-kira 3.5–5.0 mg/dL
2. BKira-kira 135–145 mg/dL
3. CKira-kira 10–20 mg/dL
4. DKira-kira 0.6–1.2 mg/dL

Mengetuk saraf muka di hadapan telinga menyebabkan sudut mulut berkedut. Apakah nama tanda ini, dan apakah yang dicadangkannya?

1. ATanda Trousseau, mencadangkan kalsium tinggi
2. BTanda Homans, mencadangkan kalium tinggi
3. CTanda Babinski, mencadangkan natrium rendah
4. DTanda Chvostek, mencadangkan kalsium rendah

Which group of symptoms is linked to hypercalcemia ("stones, bones, groans and moans")?

1. AHeat intolerance, tremor, weight loss and diarrhea
2. BKidney stones, bone pain, abdominal pain and confusion
3. CTetany, muscle cramps, tingling and seizures
4. DJaundice, itching, pale stools and dark urine

How often is the INR usually checked when warfarin is first started?

1. AOnly if bleeding occurs at home
2. BEvery few days, until it is stable
3. COnce a year, at a routine visit
4. DEvery hour, during the first week

The heparin infusion rate was changed according to protocol. When is the aPTT usually rechecked?

1. AOnly after the infusion is stopped
2. BAbout 6 hours after the change
3. CAbout 3 days after the change
4. DAbout 30 minutes after the change

Seorang pesakit mempunyai natrium 152 mEq/L. Dapatan manakah yang dijangka oleh jururawat?

1. ABradikardia dengan gelombang T runcing
2. BPertambahan berat badan dengan buku lali bengkak
3. CDahaga, membran mukus kering dan kegelisahan
4. DKedutan otot dengan tanda Trousseau yang positif

The nurse teaches a patient who is collecting a 24-hour urine sample at home. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I'll empty my bladder at the end time and add that urine"
2. B"If I forget to save one void, I'll just carry on to the end"
3. C"I'll keep the container cool as the laboratory told me to"
4. D"I'll ask whether any foods or drugs should be avoided first"

A patient on hemodialysis receives epoetin, but the hemoglobin has not risen in 2 months. Which results should be checked first?

1. AFerritin and transferrin saturation
2. BTroponin and creatine kinase
3. CAmylase and lipase levels
4. DTSH and the free T₃ level