Lembaran kerja Nilai makmal & elektrolit dengan jawapan

Why is serum creatinine a better marker of kidney function than BUN?

1. AIt is less affected by diet, hydration and bleeding in the gut
2. BIt is not filtered by the kidneys, so its level stays very stable
3. CIt is affected mainly by protein intake, which is easy to control
4. DIt is made by the liver, so it rises in every kind of illness

A raised alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is most typical of:

1. AInflammation of the lining of the urinary bladder
2. BAcute damage to the heart muscle
3. CLow production of hormone by the thyroid gland
4. DBlocked bile flow or increased bone turnover

For a fasting plasma glucose test, the patient should have had no caloric intake for at least:

1. A8 hours
2. B3 hours
3. C1 hour
4. D24 hours

A patient with sepsis has a lactate of 2.1 mmol/L on admission and 4.3 mmol/L two hours later, despite IV fluids. What does this suggest?

1. AImproving circulation as the fluids start to work
2. BWorsening tissue perfusion that needs urgent reporting
3. CExpected muscle activity from shivering in fever
4. DA normal response to IV fluids in the first hours

A patient with sickle cell disease takes hydroxyurea. Which laboratory test is monitored regularly for an adverse effect?

1. ASerum amylase level
2. BSerum lithium level
3. CComplete blood count
4. DUrine ketone level

Seorang pesakit mempunyai hematokrit 54%, BUN tinggi dan graviti tentu air kencing 1.034. Apakah yang dicadangkan oleh corak ini?

1. AKehilangan darah akut dengan pencairan
2. BKegagalan buah pinggang dengan air kencing cair
3. CLebihan cecair
4. DDehidrasi dengan hemopemekatan

The nurse teaches a patient with thrombocytopenia (platelets 25 × 10³/µL) about home safety. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I'll take aspirin if I get a headache"
2. B"I'll use an electric razor to shave"
3. C"I'll blow my nose gently, not forcefully"
4. D"I'll use a soft-bristled toothbrush"

A patient with blood pressure that is hard to control has a potassium of 2.9 mEq/L, a sodium of 144 mEq/L and a raised serum bicarbonate, without taking a diuretic. Which condition is most likely?

1. APrimary hyperaldosteronism
2. BCentral diabetes insipidus
3. CPrimary adrenal insufficiency
4. DSyndrome of inappropriate ADH