Lembaran kerja Nilai makmal & elektrolit dengan jawapan

What does a raised D-dimer level show?

1. AThe liver is no longer able to make clotting factors
2. BFibrin clots are being formed and broken down in the body
3. CThe platelet count is too low to stop bleeding
4. DThe patient is taking too much warfarin

Which hemoglobin value in an adult man is within the typical reference range?

1. A15.0 g/dL (150 g/L)
2. B9.0 g/dL (90 g/L)
3. C20.5 g/dL (205 g/L)
4. D5.5 g/dL (55 g/L)

A tuberculin skin test (TST) is read as positive. What does this mean?

1. AThe person has never been exposed to TB bacteria
2. BThe person definitely has active, contagious pulmonary TB
3. CThe person has been infected with TB bacteria at some point
4. DThe person is fully immune and can never develop TB

How does the nurse start a 24-hour urine collection at 08:00?

1. ACollect only the first urine passed on waking, and repeat this the next morning
2. BHave the patient void and discard that urine, then save all urine until 08:00 the next day
3. CSave three samples spread across the day and discard all of the urine passed at night
4. DSave the 08:00 urine as the first sample, then collect until 08:00 the next day

In countries that screen all pregnant women (such as the US), a vaginal-rectal swab is taken at about 36–37 weeks. Which organism is it screening for?

1. AGroup B Streptococcus
2. BHepatitis B virus
3. CStaphylococcus aureus
4. DCandida albicans

Seorang pesakit yang mengambil warfarin untuk fibrilasi atrium mempunyai INR 5.2 dan tiada pendarahan. Apakah tindakan terbaik jururawat?

1. ATahan dos warfarin dan maklumkan pemreskripsi
2. BMenasihati pesakit supaya berhenti makan sayur-sayuran hijau mulai hari ini
3. CBeri dos biasa dan semak semula dalam sebulan
4. DBeri dos berganda

A patient has taken metformin for 8 years and now has numbness in the feet, a hemoglobin of 10.2 g/dL (102 g/L) and an MCV of 108 fL. Which deficiency is most likely?

1. AVitamin D (calciferol) deficiency
2. BVitamin B₁₂ deficiency
3. CIron deficiency from gut loss
4. DVitamin K deficiency

Ten minutes into a red cell transfusion, a patient develops fever, chills, low back pain and dark urine. After stopping the transfusion, what should the nurse do next?

1. AKeep the IV open with normal saline using new tubing and call the provider
2. BRestart the transfusion more slowly after giving an antipyretic drug
3. CDiscard the blood bag and tubing in the clinical waste to stop exposure
4. DFlush the remaining blood through the line with the IV fluid to finish it