Lembaran kerja Nilai makmal & elektrolit dengan jawapan

In the US (NCEP ATP III) classification, which LDL cholesterol level is called optimal for an adult?

1. AAbout 220–260 mg/dL (5.7–6.7 mmol/L)
2. BAbout 160–189 mg/dL (4.1–4.9 mmol/L)
3. CAbout 190 mg/dL (4.9 mmol/L) or more
4. DBelow 100 mg/dL (2.6 mmol/L)

The sweat chloride test is used to diagnose which condition?

1. ADiabetes mellitus
2. BCystic fibrosis
3. CSickle cell disease
4. DHypothyroidism

Which hormone is measured in blood or urine to test for pregnancy?

1. AHuman chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
2. BAntidiuretic hormone (ADH)
3. CThyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
4. DFollicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Seorang pesakit yang mengambil fenitoin mempunyai paras 28 mcg/mL (julat lazim kira-kira 10–20 mcg/mL). Dapatan manakah yang dijangka oleh jururawat?

1. ATingkah laku hiperaktif dan insomnia sahaja
2. BGelombang T yang tinggi dan runcing
3. CRasa lapar dan pertambahan berat badan
4. DNistagmus, gaya berjalan tidak stabil dan pertuturan pelat

A patient with a low clinical probability of deep vein thrombosis has a normal (negative) D-dimer. What is the best interpretation?

1. AA DVT is confirmed and anticoagulation is needed
2. BA pulmonary embolism is now certain to be present
3. CThe test is useless and should always be ignored
4. DA DVT is unlikely and can usually be ruled out

Which instruction is correct for a patient taking an oral potassium chloride supplement?

1. ATake it with food and a full glass of water, and do not crush extended-release tablets
2. BTake it on an empty stomach with only a small sip of water to speed absorption
3. CCrush the extended-release tablets and mix them with a little water if needed
4. DUse a salt substitute as well, so less of the tablet is needed each day

Seorang pesakit trombosis vena dalam yang baharu menerima infusi heparin, dan warfarin baru dimulakan. Mengapakah heparin diteruskan selama beberapa hari?

1. AHeparin mencegah kesan sampingan warfarin
2. BWarfarin hanya berfungsi apabila heparin diberi pada masa yang sama
3. CHeparin meningkatkan penyerapan warfarin daripada usus
4. DWarfarin mengambil masa beberapa hari untuk mencapai kesan antikoagulan sepenuhnya

A patient has a hemoglobin of 11.2 g/dL (112 g/L), an MCV of 64 fL, a normal ferritin and a normal-to-high red cell count. What is the most likely cause?

1. AAcute blood loss
2. BThalassemia trait
3. CVitamin B₁₂ deficiency
4. DIron deficiency