Lembaran kerja Nilai makmal & elektrolit dengan jawapan

Which hemoglobin value in an adult man is within the typical reference range?

1. A15.0 g/dL (150 g/L)
2. B9.0 g/dL (90 g/L)
3. C5.5 g/dL (55 g/L)
4. D20.5 g/dL (205 g/L)

Seorang warga emas ditemui di lantai selepas berbaring di situ selama berjam-jam. Ujian darah manakah yang paling baik menunjukkan pemecahan otot rangka (rabdomiolisis)?

1. ALipase serum
2. BKreatina kinase (CK)
3. CHemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)
4. DAlbumin serum

An eGFR below which value indicates stage 5 chronic kidney disease (kidney failure)?

1. A60 mL/min/1.73 m²
2. B45 mL/min/1.73 m²
3. C90 mL/min/1.73 m²
4. D15 mL/min/1.73 m²

A patient is starting dabigatran, a direct oral anticoagulant. Which laboratory test is most important to review before the first dose?

1. AKidney function (creatinine clearance)
2. BLipase, to rule out an inflamed pancreas first
3. CTSH, to rule out an overactive thyroid gland
4. DINR, to set the dose of the anticoagulant

A patient with hepatic encephalopathy is receiving lactulose. Which finding best shows that the treatment is effective?

1. ATwo to three soft stools a day and clearer thinking
2. BA rising serum ammonia with a slower flapping tremor
3. CNo bowel movement for 2 days and calm sleep
4. DSix to eight watery stools a day with dizziness

Seorang pesakit dengan sindrom rembesan hormon antidiuretik yang tidak sesuai (SIADH) mempunyai natrium 128 mEq/L. Langkah ditetapkan manakah yang dijangka oleh jururawat?

1. AIsi padu besar glukosa 5% IV
2. BDiet rendah natrium
3. CMenggalakkan pengambilan air tambahan
4. DSekatan cecair

A patient has a hemoglobin of 11.2 g/dL (112 g/L), an MCV of 64 fL, a normal ferritin and a normal-to-high red cell count. What is the most likely cause?

1. AIron deficiency
2. BAcute blood loss
3. CVitamin B₁₂ deficiency
4. DThalassemia trait

Seorang pesakit tanpa masalah buah pinggang dan ECG normal mempunyai kalium 6.2 mEq/L. Makmal mengulas bahawa sampel itu mengalami hemolisis. Apakah tafsiran yang terbaik?

1. AKeputusan mungkin tinggi secara palsu; nilai pesakit dan sediakan sampel ulangan
2. BKalium pasti normal dan tidak memerlukan tindakan susulan
3. CRawat serta-merta dengan insulin dan glukosa tanpa pemeriksaan lanjut
4. DPesakit mengalami kegagalan buah pinggang