Lembaran kerja Nilai makmal & elektrolit dengan jawapan

Which laboratory test is traditionally used to adjust a continuous infusion of unfractionated heparin?

1. APlatelet function assay (PFA-100 test)
2. BInternational normalized ratio (INR)
3. CErythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
4. DActivated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)

What is a typical adult reference range for serum chloride?

1. AAbout 98–106 mEq/L
2. BAbout 135–145 mEq/L
3. CAbout 22–28 mEq/L
4. DAbout 3.5–5.0 mEq/L

Nilai HbA1c manakah yang memenuhi ambang diagnostik lazim untuk diabetes?

1. A6.5% (48 mmol/mol) atau lebih tinggi
2. B5.0% (31 mmol/mol) atau lebih tinggi
3. C4.5% (26 mmol/mol) atau lebih tinggi
4. D5.5% (37 mmol/mol) atau lebih tinggi

Which technique is recommended for a capillary blood glucose test on an adult's finger?

1. APrick the center of the fingertip
2. BPrick the side of the fingertip
3. CUse the same finger every time
4. DSqueeze the finger very hard

A patient on peritoneal dialysis notices that the drained fluid is cloudy and has abdominal pain. What should the nurse do?

1. ASend the fluid for cell count and culture and report it
2. BRecord it as normal and continue the usual exchanges
3. CAdd more glucose to the next bag to clear the fluid
4. DStop dialysis for a week and recheck the fluid later

A patient takes high-dose biotin supplements for hair and nails. Why should the nurse report this before blood tests?

1. ABiotin causes a true rise in blood glucose in all patients
2. BBiotin lowers the hemoglobin by destroying the red cells
3. CBiotin makes the blood clot in the tube before testing
4. DBiotin can distort some immunoassays, such as troponin or TSH

Seorang pesakit dengan infusi heparin mempunyai kiraan platelet yang jatuh daripada 260 kepada 110 × 10³/µL pada hari ke-7. Tindakan manakah yang paling sesuai?

1. ALaporkan dengan segera: trombositopenia teraruh heparin mungkin berlaku
2. BTeruskan infusi dan tingkatkan kadar mengikut protokol
3. CBeri transfusi platelet dan teruskan heparin
4. DJangan bertindak, kerana kiraan masih sedikit di atas 100 × 10³/µL

The nurse teaches a patient about the HbA1c test. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I must not eat anything for 12 hours before the HbA1c test"
2. B"My daily finger-stick readings still matter between the tests"
3. C"The test shows my average glucose over the past few months"
4. D"A lower result means less risk of damage to my eyes and kidneys"