Lembaran kerja Nilai makmal & elektrolit dengan jawapan

Why can bilirubin appear in the urine in obstructive jaundice but not in hemolytic jaundice?

1. AOnly conjugated bilirubin is water soluble and filtered
2. BThe kidneys are always damaged in obstructive jaundice
3. CHemolysis stops the kidneys making any urine at all
4. DUnconjugated bilirubin is broken down in the bladder

Which ECG change is linked to hypercalcemia?

1. AProminent U waves
2. BA prolonged QT interval
3. CA shortened QT interval
4. DTall, peaked T waves

About what proportion of total serum calcium is in the free (ionized) form?

1. AAbout one tenth
2. BAbout half
3. CNearly all
4. DAlmost none

A urine culture is ordered for a patient with an indwelling urinary catheter. How should the nurse collect the sample?

1. ARemove the catheter and culture the catheter tip
2. BAspirate from the sampling port with a sterile syringe
3. CDisconnect the catheter from the tubing and let it drain
4. DPour urine from the drainage bag into a sterile cup

Makmal menelefon wad dengan keputusan kritikal kalium 6.9 mEq/L. Apakah yang patut dilakukan oleh jururawat?

1. ABaca semula nilai itu, nilai pesakit dan maklumkan pembekal
2. BRekodkan nilai itu dan serahkan kepada syif seterusnya
3. CMinta makmal mengulang ujian sebelum memberitahu sesiapa
4. DTunggu laporan bertulis tiba sebelum mengambil sebarang tindakan

A patient starts lisinopril (an ACE inhibitor). Which laboratory values should the nurse expect to be monitored?

1. APotassium and creatinine
2. BTSH and free T₄
3. CALT and bilirubin
4. DCalcium and phosphate

A man of Mediterranean descent develops dark urine, jaundice and a falling hemoglobin a few days after eating fava beans. Which condition is most likely?

1. AIron-deficiency anemia from poor diet
2. BVitamin B₁₂ deficiency anemia
3. CSickle cell crisis with vaso-occlusion
4. DG6PD deficiency with acute hemolysis

Dapatan manakah yang paling kuat mencadangkan bahawa kreatinin pesakit yang meningkat disebabkan oleh kecederaan buah pinggang akut dan bukan penyakit buah pinggang kronik yang lama?

1. AKreatinin normal tiga hari lalu dan telah berganda sejak itu
2. BPesakit mengalami anemia yang lama
3. CPesakit telah mempunyai kreatinin tinggi selama bertahun-tahun
4. DPesakit mempunyai buah pinggang yang kecil pada imbasan ultrabunyi