Lembaran kerja Nilai makmal & elektrolit dengan jawapan

What is a main role of albumin in the blood?

1. AIt holds fluid in the vessels by oncotic pressure
2. BIt fights bacteria by engulfing them in the blood
3. CIt forms the mesh that holds a blood clot together
4. DIt carries oxygen from the lungs to the tissues

Nilai hemoglobin manakah pada wanita dewasa yang berada di bawah julat rujukan lazim?

1. A9.2 g/dL (92 g/L)
2. B12.8 g/dL (128 g/L)
3. C14.6 g/dL (146 g/L)
4. D13.5 g/dL (135 g/L)

For a fasting plasma glucose test, the patient should have had no caloric intake for at least:

1. A3 hours
2. B8 hours
3. C24 hours
4. D1 hour

Mengapakah kalsium keseluruhan yang rendah mesti ditafsir dengan berhati-hati pada pesakit dengan albumin serum yang rendah?

1. AAlbumin dan kalsium diukur dengan tindak balas kimia yang sama, maka ia sentiasa menurun bersama
2. BBanyak kalsium terikat pada albumin, maka kalsium keseluruhan menurun walaupun kalsium terion normal
3. CAlbumin rendah menjadikan setiap ujian kalsium tidak tepat dan tidak berguna
4. DAlbumin rendah sentiasa menyebabkan hipokalsemia sebenar yang bergejala

A patient has a hot, swollen big toe. The serum uric acid is normal. Which statement is correct?

1. AGout is still possible, as urate can be normal in an attack
2. BGout is certain, as a normal urate proves the diagnosis
3. CGout can only be diagnosed with a CT scan of the foot
4. DGout is ruled out, as uric acid is always high in an attack

A woman who is 30 weeks pregnant has a new blood pressure of 152/98 mm Hg. Which urine finding would most support preeclampsia?

1. AGlucose in the urine
2. BKetones in the urine
3. CProtein in the urine
4. DNitrites in the urine

A patient's creatinine was 0.9 mg/dL (80 µmol/L) on admission and is 1.3 mg/dL (115 µmol/L) 36 hours later. Using the common KDIGO criteria, what does this show?

1. ANo kidney injury, because the creatinine is still within the normal range
2. BChronic kidney disease, because creatinine has risen above baseline
3. CAcute kidney injury, because it rose by at least 0.3 mg/dL within 48 hours
4. DA laboratory error, because creatinine cannot change within 2 days

Seorang pesakit penyakit buah pinggang kronik mempunyai fosfat 7.2 mg/dL (2.3 mmol/L). Pengajaran diet manakah yang paling sesuai?

1. ATingkatkan susu dan keju untuk melindungi tulang daripada kehilangan kalsium
2. BAmbil suplemen kalsium dengan perut kosong dan bukan pengikat
3. CHadkan makanan kaya fosfat, seperti makanan diproses dan kola
4. DMinum lebih banyak minuman ringan jenis kola untuk kekal terhidrat