Lembaran kerja Perubatan-pembedahan: kardiovaskular & respiratori dengan jawapan

What should patients starting rifampicin (rifampin) be told about their urine, sweat and tears?

1. AThey may turn green, which means infection
2. BThey may turn black, which means bleeding
3. CThey will become completely colourless
4. DThey may turn orange-red, which is harmless

Which test is classically used to diagnose cystic fibrosis?

1. ATuberculin skin test
2. BPeak flow test
3. CD-dimer test
4. DSweat chloride test

Which three signs make up Beck's triad in cardiac tamponade?

1. AHigh blood pressure, a slow pulse and irregular breathing
2. BChest pain, ST elevation and raised troponin
3. CLow blood pressure, distended neck veins and muffled heart sounds
4. DFever, a new heart murmur and splinter haemorrhages under the nails

After a prescribed IV fluid bolus for hypotension, what should the nurse do next?

1. AWait until the next routine observations in four hours
2. BReassess heart rate, blood pressure, urine output and lung sounds
3. CStart a second fluid bolus straight away without checking anything
4. DStop all monitoring if the patient says they feel better

A pulse oximeter on a patient's finger gives an unreliable, flickering reading. Which factor is the most likely cause?

1. ACold hands with poor peripheral circulation
2. BThe patient sitting upright in a chair
3. CA regular heart rate of 75 beats per minute
4. DThe patient having eaten recently

Why must intravenous potassium chloride never be given as a rapid push or undiluted?

1. AIt immediately lowers the blood glucose to dangerous levels
2. BIt works only when given by mouth
3. CA sudden high potassium level can cause cardiac arrest
4. DIt turns into solid crystals inside the vein and blocks it

Hours after surgery to restore blood flow to an ischaemic leg, the patient has severe calf pain that is worse when the toes are moved passively, and the calf feels tense. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AExpected postoperative pain from the leg wound
2. BA superficial thrombophlebitis of the long saphenous vein
3. CCompartment syndrome from reperfusion swelling
4. DCramp from lying still in bed

Seorang pesakit yang mengambil dabigatran mengalami pendarahan gastrousus yang serius. Agen penterbalikan khusus manakah yang boleh digunakan?

1. AIdarusizumab
2. BAsid traneksamik sahaja
3. CFitomenadion (vitamin K)
4. DProtamin sulfat