Lembaran kerja Perubatan-pembedahan: GI, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawapan

What is a keloid scar?

1. AA scar that forms only on the inside of the body
2. BA wound that will not close at all
3. CA flat, pale scar that fades and softens over time
4. DA raised scar that grows beyond the edges of the wound

Which signs suggest a deep vein thrombosis in the leg?

1. ASwelling, pain, warmth and redness of one calf
2. BCold, pale feet on both sides with no pulse
3. CA painless rash on both shins
4. DItching between the toes of both feet

Which drug is commonly used to prevent or treat postoperative nausea and vomiting?

1. AAtorvastatin
2. BOndansetron
3. CAmlodipine
4. DFurosemide

What is a Curling's ulcer?

1. AA pressure ulcer under a splint that has been left on too long
2. BA burn on the sole of the foot
3. CA stress ulcer of the stomach or duodenum after a major burn
4. DA leg ulcer caused by venous disease after long bed rest

Seorang pesakit dengan ileostomi baharu mempunyai output yang sangat tinggi. Apakah risiko utama?

1. ALebihan cecair dan bengkak buku lali
2. BDehidrasi dan kehilangan natrium, kalium dan magnesium
3. CSembelit dan impaksi najis dalam usus di atas stoma
4. DKalsium tinggi dan batu karang buah pinggang dalam beberapa hari

Why is pethidine (meperidine) generally avoided for regular pain relief?

1. AA metabolite can build up and cause seizures
2. BIt always causes severe diarrhoea
3. CIt can only be given by mouth
4. DIt has no pain-relieving effect at all in adults

Strategi cecair manakah yang pada amnya disyorkan dalam jam-jam pertama pankreatitis akut?

1. ATiada cecair IV langsung, hanya teguk kecil air oral
2. BKristaloid seimbang terarah matlamat, dipandu oleh tindak balas
3. CAlbumin IV sahaja sebagai ganti sebarang kristaloid
4. DIsi padu yang sangat besar, apa pun tindak balas pesakit

After two days of large volumes of IV 5% glucose, a postoperative patient becomes confused with a headache. Sodium is 124 mmol/L. What is the likely cause?

1. AHypoglycaemia from the glucose
2. BNormal confusion after any anaesthetic
3. CHypernatraemia from too much salt
4. DHyponatraemia from hypotonic fluids