Lembaran kerja Perubatan-pembedahan: GI, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawapan

Which finding is typical of a perforated peptic ulcer?

1. ASlow onset of mild pain relieved fully by eating
2. BSudden severe abdominal pain with a rigid, board-like abdomen
3. CA soft, non-tender abdomen with loud, frequent bowel sounds
4. DPainless bright red bleeding from the rectum over several days

What should patients usually be told about hair loss from chemotherapy?

1. AIt is always permanent with every drug
2. BIt is usually temporary, and hair grows back afterwards
3. CIt means the treatment is not working
4. DIt happens with every type of cancer treatment, including surgery

At which stage of the WHO Surgical Safety Checklist does the team confirm the patient, site and procedure just before the skin incision?

1. AHandover
2. BSign In
3. CTime Out
4. DSign Out

A patient had an upper GI endoscopy with a local anaesthetic throat spray. What must the nurse check before giving a drink?

1. AThat the patient's blood glucose is above normal
2. BThat the patient has passed urine since the procedure
3. CThat bowel sounds are present in all four quadrants
4. DThat swallowing and the gag reflex have returned

Which intervention most reduces pressure ulcer risk in an immobile patient?

1. AMassaging red areas firmly at each turn to bring back the circulation
2. BRegular repositioning and a pressure-redistributing mattress
3. CKeeping the head of the bed raised at 90° all day
4. DUsing a doughnut-shaped ring cushion

Which complication is more typical of Crohn's disease than of ulcerative colitis?

1. ADisease that is cured by removing the colon
2. BBleeding only from the rectum
3. CInflammation limited to the rectal lining
4. DFistulas between the bowel and other organs

After surgery, a patient keeps asking for analgesia before it is due, watches the clock and rates pain 8/10. What is the most appropriate interpretation?

1. APain may be undertreated; reassess and ask for a review of the plan
2. BThe patient is exaggerating, so the pain scores should be ignored for now
3. CThe patient is addicted and should have analgesia withheld
4. DThe patient needs only distraction and no change in drugs

Pada hari ke-2 pankreatitis akut yang teruk, seorang pesakit menjadi sesak nafas, dengan SpO₂ 88% dan infiltrat dua belah pada X-ray dada. Komplikasi manakah yang paling mungkin?

1. AAspirasi objek asing
2. BSerangan asma teruk akut
3. CSindrom gangguan pernafasan akut (ARDS)
4. DPneumotoraks tegang spontan