Lembaran kerja Perubatan-pembedahan: GI, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawapan

What does black tissue in a wound bed usually indicate?

1. ANecrotic (dead) tissue
2. BNormal blood clot from a fresh cut
3. CHealthy granulation tissue
4. DNew epithelial cells

Why is nail varnish or a gel nail often removed from at least one finger before surgery?

1. ASo pulse oximetry readings and nail colour can be assessed accurately
2. BBecause it is a checklist rule with no clinical reason
3. CBecause varnish raises the patient's blood pressure
4. DBecause the varnish can make the anaesthetic gas less effective

How is the length of a nasogastric tube usually estimated before insertion?

1. AFrom the mouth to the knee on the same side of the body
2. BAny length, as long as the whole tube is inserted
3. CFrom the nose tip to the earlobe, then to the xiphisternum
4. DFrom the chin to the umbilicus in a straight line

Apakah itu ileus paralitik?

1. AKehilangan pergerakan usus tanpa sekatan fizikal
2. BJangkitan pada dinding usus dengan demam
3. CSekatan lumen usus oleh tumor
4. DPuntiran pada usus besar yang menghalang bekalan darahnya

A day after a spinal anaesthetic, a patient has a headache that is worse when sitting up and better when lying flat. What is the most likely cause?

1. AMigraine caused by hospital lighting
2. BPost-dural puncture headache
3. CRaised blood pressure from pain
4. DA side effect of the antibiotic

Seorang pesakit pendarahan GI atas akut mempunyai hemoglobin normal semasa tiba. Mengapakah ini boleh mengelirukan?

1. AHemoglobin sentiasa meningkat pada mulanya selepas sebarang kehilangan darah
2. BIa jatuh hanya selepas anjakan cecair atau cecair IV mencairkan darah
3. CHemoglobin tidak terjejas oleh pendarahan daripada usus
4. DHemoglobin hanya jatuh selepas seminggu pendarahan berterusan

Semasa resusitasi lecuran, pengeluaran air kencing seorang dewasa 80 kg ialah 15 mL/j selama 2 jam. Apakah yang ditunjukkan oleh ini?

1. AResusitasi yang tidak mencukupi; kadar cecair biasanya perlu dinaikkan
2. BKateter tersumbat yang patut dikeluarkan sahaja
3. CPengeluaran air kencing yang normal bagi pesakit lecur
4. DLebihan cecair; semua cecair IV patut dihentikan sekarang

In week 5 of radiotherapy, the skin in the treatment field is broken, moist and painful. What should the nurse do?

1. AScrub the area with soap to prevent infection
2. BUse a heat pad to speed healing
3. CApply adhesive tape directly over the area to protect it from clothing
4. DReport it, keep it clean and use a non-adherent dressing