Lembaran kerja Perubatan-pembedahan: GI, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawapan

Apakah itu neutropenia?

1. AKiraan sel darah putih yang tinggi
2. BKiraan neutrofil yang rendah
3. CKiraan sel darah merah yang rendah
4. DKiraan platelet yang rendah

Apakah punca paling lazim sekatan usus kecil pada orang dewasa di negara berpendapatan tinggi?

1. AObjek asing yang tertelan
2. BLekatan akibat pembedahan terdahulu
3. CKanser kolorektal
4. DBatu hempedu yang tersangkut pada leher pundi hempedu

How is hepatitis B mainly spread?

1. AOnly by eating undercooked shellfish from polluted water
2. BThrough touching door handles and shaking hands
3. COnly by coughing and sneezing
4. DThrough blood, sexual contact and from mother to baby

Why is it important to prevent perioperative hypothermia?

1. AIt lowers the risk of pain after surgery
2. BIt makes patients wake up from the anaesthetic too quickly
3. CIt increases bleeding, wound infection and heart complications
4. DIt reduces the amount of anaesthetic needed, which is unsafe

Dysphagia that started with solids and now includes liquids, with weight loss, most suggests which cause?

1. ANormal ageing of the swallowing muscles
2. BSimple anxiety about swallowing tablets
3. CA narrowing such as an oesophageal tumour
4. DA dry mouth from drinking too little water

Which advice has good evidence for reducing cancer-related fatigue?

1. AComplete bed rest for the whole course of treatment
2. BRegular light to moderate activity, such as walking
3. CDrinking several strong coffees every evening
4. DAvoiding all daily activities

On the day after a Hartmann's procedure, the end colostomy is dark purple to black. What should the nurse do?

1. ACut a smaller hole in the pouch
2. BRub the stoma to improve its colour
3. CReport it urgently, as the stoma may be necrotic
4. DRecord it as normal postoperative bruising and recheck it next week

A patient finds daily wound dressing changes very painful. What is the most effective nursing approach?

1. AAvoid analgesia so the patient can report any problems during the change
2. BDo the dressing quickly and give analgesia afterwards
3. CChange the dressing less often than the plan says
4. DGive analgesia timed so it works during the dressing change