Lembaran kerja Perubatan-pembedahan: GI, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawapan

Apakah itu “nadir” dalam kemoterapi?

1. AHari terakhir kursus radioterapi
2. BHari pertama kitaran kemoterapi yang baharu
3. CMasa apabila kiraan darah paling rendah selepas satu kitaran
4. DMasa apabila kiraan darah paling tinggi selepas satu kitaran

Which symptom is typical of haemorrhoids?

1. AYellow skin, dark urine and pale stools that float in the toilet
2. BBright red blood on the paper after opening the bowels
3. CVomiting of dark, coffee-ground material
4. DBlack, tarry stools with a strong smell

What is metastasis?

1. ASpread of cancer cells to a distant part of the body
2. BShrinking of a tumour after treatment
3. CHealing of tissue after a biopsy
4. DThe first appearance of a tumour in a single organ of the body

During the first infusion of a monoclonal antibody such as rituximab, which problem is most important to watch for?

1. ASudden hair loss during the infusion
2. BSevere constipation within the first hour of starting the infusion
3. CAn infusion reaction, such as fever, rigors or breathlessness
4. DA rise in platelet count above normal

Suplemen herba manakah yang lazim ditanya sebelum pembedahan kerana ia mungkin meningkatkan pendarahan?

1. AKranberi
2. BMinyak pudina
3. CGinkgo biloba
4. DKamomil

Pendekatan manakah terhadap pemindahan sel darah merah pada pesakit stabil dengan pendarahan GI yang sesuai dengan bukti semasa?

1. AMemindahkan darah kepada semua orang untuk mengekalkan hemoglobin melebihi 150 g/L sepanjang masa
2. BTidak pernah memindahkan darah, apa pun hemoglobin atau gejalanya
3. CAmbang restriktif, selalunya sekitar 70 g/L, pada kebanyakan pesakit stabil
4. DMemindahkan dua unit secara rutin sebelum setiap endoskopi

A 60 kg adult with 25% TBSA burns arrives 2 hours after the injury, having had no IV fluids. Using the Parkland formula, what hourly rate is needed for the rest of the first 8 hours?

1. A500 mL/h
2. B1000 mL/h
3. C250 mL/h
4. D375 mL/h

On the morning of elective hip surgery, a patient says she took her usual warfarin last night despite being told to stop. What should the nurse do?

1. ATell her the surgery must be cancelled for a month
2. BGive a double dose of vitamin K by mouth without waiting for a prescription
3. CProceed with the usual checklist and say nothing
4. DInform the surgical and anaesthetic teams, who will check the INR