Lembaran kerja Perubatan-pembedahan: GI, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawapan

Which statement describes moderate ("conscious") sedation?

1. AThe patient cannot be roused by any stimulus, even a painful one
2. BThe patient needs a ventilator to breathe
3. CThe patient is drowsy but responds to voice or light touch
4. DThe patient is fully alert and anxious

What does black tissue in a wound bed usually indicate?

1. ANormal blood clot from a fresh cut
2. BHealthy granulation tissue
3. CNew epithelial cells
4. DNecrotic (dead) tissue

Which signs suggest a surgical site infection?

1. AMild itching as the wound heals
2. BMild bruising around the wound that is fading a little each day
3. CA dry wound edge with a thin scab
4. DIncreasing pain, redness, swelling, heat and pus

Which is a usual benefit of laparoscopic over open abdominal surgery?

1. ANo need for a general anaesthetic ever
2. BLarger wounds that heal faster
3. CLess pain and a shorter hospital stay
4. DNo risk of any complications at all

Masalah elektrolit manakah yang boleh berlaku dalam pankreatitis akut yang teruk?

1. AHipokalsemia
2. BHipernatremia
3. CHiperkalsemia
4. DHiperkalemia

A patient on enteral feeding develops diarrhoea. What should the nurse review first?

1. AThe patient's mobility aids and walking distance
2. BThe colour of the feeding bag label
3. CThe patient's eye drops and skin creams
4. DThe medicine chart, including laxatives and antibiotics

A nurse teaches a patient with chronic pancreatitis. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"Oily, floating stools may mean my dose needs changing."
2. B"I'll report increased thirst or passing urine more often."
3. C"I should not drink any alcohol."
4. D"I'll take my enzyme capsules at bedtime."

A patient with haematemesis becomes drowsy and starts to vomit blood again. What is the immediate priority?

1. AGive a large glass of iced water to slow the bleeding
2. BTurn the patient onto their side to protect the airway
3. CComplete the admission paperwork and medication history
4. DSend a stool sample for faecal occult blood testing