Lembaran kerja Perubatan-pembedahan: GI, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawapan

Why is adrenaline sometimes added to a local anaesthetic?

1. AIt narrows vessels, so the block lasts longer and bleeding is less
2. BIt makes the patient fall asleep more quickly
3. CIt turns the local anaesthetic into a general anaesthetic
4. DIt stops the local anaesthetic causing any allergy

Which sign suggests acute cholecystitis?

1. AA flapping tremor of the hands when the arms are held out
2. BPain that stops a deep breath when the right upper abdomen is pressed
3. CPain in the left lower abdomen when the right side is pressed
4. DBruising around the umbilicus and over both flanks of the abdomen

A patient receiving external beam radiotherapy asks whether they are radioactive. What is correct?

1. ANo, they are not radioactive and can be with family
2. BOnly their clothes are radioactive afterwards
3. CYes, for one month after each session
4. DYes, so they must avoid all contact with children and pregnant women

Apakah tanda paling awal hipertermia malignan semasa anestesia?

1. APenurunan suhu badan yang berterusan
2. BPeningkatan CO₂ akhir tidal yang tidak dapat dijelaskan
3. CKadar jantung yang memperlahan dan tekanan darah rendah
4. DKulit kemerahan dengan aras CO₂ yang menurun

A dying patient can no longer drink. Which mouth care is most appropriate?

1. ANo mouth care, to avoid disturbing the patient
2. BBrushing hard with a stiff toothbrush twice a day
3. CFrequent, gentle moistening of the mouth and lips
4. DLemon and glycerine swabs every hour to stimulate saliva

Mengapakah pesakit sirosis berisiko lebih tinggi untuk pendarahan?

1. AFaktor pembekuan yang lebih sedikit, platelet rendah dan varises akibat hipertensi portal
2. BHati yang berparut membebaskan bahan antikoagulan seperti heparin ke dalam darah
3. CSirosis meningkatkan kiraan platelet, yang menjadikan platelet lebih lemah
4. DTekanan darah arteri yang tinggi dalam sirosis menyebabkan saluran pecah

A worker has a hydrofluoric acid burn on the hand and severe pain. After irrigation with water, which specific treatment is commonly applied?

1. AIce cubes wrapped in a cloth
2. BCalcium gluconate gel
3. CSilver sulfadiazine cream
4. DSodium bicarbonate paste

A few hours after an ERCP, a patient has severe epigastric pain radiating to the back, with vomiting. Which complication is most likely?

1. APost-ERCP pancreatitis
2. BHepatitis B infection
3. CAcute appendicitis
4. DBiliary colic from a new stone