Lembaran kerja Perubatan-pembedahan: GI, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawapan

What is cancer cachexia?

1. AA fever that occurs after every chemotherapy cycle and lasts several days
2. BWeight gain caused by steroid treatment
3. CSevere loss of weight and muscle that diet alone does not reverse
4. DA skin rash from radiotherapy

Which is an example of a non-drug method of pain relief?

1. ARelaxation and distraction
2. BAn ibuprofen tablet with food
3. CA lidocaine patch
4. DA morphine injection into the thigh

What is the Braden scale (or a similar tool such as Waterlow) used for?

1. AAssessing the risk of developing pressure ulcers
2. BGrading the depth of a burn wound before dressing it
3. CMeasuring a patient's level of consciousness
4. DScoring the severity of nausea

How is an uncomplicated sigmoid volvulus often first treated?

1. ADecompression with a flexible sigmoidoscope and flatus tube
2. BHigh-dose laxatives taken by mouth
3. CEating a large high-fibre meal
4. DA barium meal given by mouth to untwist the bowel slowly

How should pancreatic enzyme replacement capsules usually be taken?

1. AOnce a day at bedtime
2. BOnly on days with abdominal pain
3. CWith every meal and snack
4. DOne hour after meals, on an empty stomach

Why are accurate fluid balance charts kept after major surgery?

1. ATo decide which meal the patient will have next
2. BTo check how far the patient has walked and how often they get out of bed
3. CTo record when visitors come and go
4. DTo detect dehydration, fluid overload or kidney problems early

Hours after an oesophageal dilatation, a patient has chest pain, fever and crackling swelling under the skin of the neck. What should the nurse suspect?

1. ASimple reflux after the dilatation
2. BAn allergic reaction to the sedative
3. COesophageal perforation
4. DNormal discomfort after the procedure

A patient with diabetes has a foot ulcer. A sterile probe touches bone at the base of the ulcer. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AOsteomyelitis
2. BVenous insufficiency
3. CA healing category 1 ulcer
4. DSimple dry skin