Lembaran kerja Perubatan-pembedahan: GI, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawapan

Which finding describes a category 1 pressure ulcer?

1. AA wound covered with thick black eschar
2. BIntact skin with redness that does not blanch
3. CAn open wound with visible bone at the base
4. DA shallow open wound with a red-pink base and no slough

What is referred pain?

1. APain that a patient makes up
2. BPain that is passed on from one doctor to another
3. CPain that only lasts for a few seconds
4. DPain felt at a site away from the organ causing it

Which lifestyle advice helps reduce night-time reflux symptoms?

1. AHave the largest meal of the day just before going to bed to aid sleep
2. BSleep flat on several pillows placed under the knees
3. CDrink a large glass of fizzy water before lying down
4. DNo food for 3 hours before bed, with the head of the bed raised

Why is a pregnancy test often done before surgery in women who could be pregnant?

1. APregnant women cannot sign consent forms
2. BIt is needed to calculate the anaesthetic drug dose
3. CPregnancy always makes surgery impossible
4. DAnaesthesia, drugs and some tests may harm a fetus

Mengapakah lecuran superfisial (kemerahan sahaja, seperti terbakar matahari) tidak dikira apabila mengira luas lecuran untuk resusitasi cecair?

1. AIa menyebabkan lebih banyak kehilangan cecair daripada kedalaman lain
2. BSawar kulit utuh, jadi sedikit cecair hilang
3. CIa sentiasa sembuh sepenuhnya dalam sehari
4. DIa sentiasa terlalu kecil untuk diukur dengan tepat pada carta

Which is a recognised cause of anaphylaxis during surgery?

1. ASterile normal saline
2. BThe patient's own blood from cell salvage
3. CChlorhexidine skin preparation
4. DA warmed blanket

After surgery, a patient keeps asking for analgesia before it is due, watches the clock and rates pain 8/10. What is the most appropriate interpretation?

1. AThe patient is exaggerating, so the pain scores should be ignored for now
2. BThe patient needs only distraction and no change in drugs
3. CThe patient is addicted and should have analgesia withheld
4. DPain may be undertreated; reassess and ask for a review of the plan

Pada hari ke-2 selepas pembedahan abdomen atas, seorang pesakit mempunyai suhu 37.8 °C, SpO₂ 93% pada udara bilik dan bunyi nafas berkurang di kedua-dua dasar. Mereka tidak menggunakan spirometer insentif kerana kesakitan. Apakah pelan kejururawatan yang paling sesuai?

1. AMemastikan pesakit di katil dan menyekat pergerakan sehingga demam reda
2. BMemberikan oksigen pada 15 L/min dan membiarkan pesakit berehat dengan tenang
3. CMenghentikan semua analgesia supaya pesakit boleh batuk dengan lebih kuat
4. DKawalan kesakitan yang lebih baik, duduk tegak, pernafasan dalam, mobilisasi dan melapor