Lembaran kerja Perubatan-pembedahan: GI, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawapan

What is slough in a wound?

1. ARed, healthy granulation tissue
2. BA thick, hard black crust
3. CYellow, soft, stringy dead tissue
4. DPink, new skin at the wound edge

What is brachytherapy?

1. ARadiotherapy from a sealed source placed in or next to the tumour
2. BRadiotherapy given by a machine from outside the body
3. CChemotherapy given slowly into a vein over several hours each day
4. DSurgery to remove a tumour through a small incision

Why does a low serum albumin contribute to oedema?

1. AIt causes the heart to pump more blood into the legs
2. BIt raises blood pressure and pushes fluid into the kidneys
3. CIt lowers oncotic pressure, so fluid leaks into tissues
4. DIt blocks the lymph vessels in the abdomen

After laparoscopic cholecystectomy, a patient has pain in the right shoulder. What is the most likely cause?

1. AA heart attack during the operation
2. BAn allergy to the dressing on the wound
3. CGas used during surgery irritating the diaphragm
4. DA dislocated shoulder from patient positioning

Which is a recognised side effect of ondansetron?

1. AConstipation
2. BSevere hypoglycaemia
3. CHair loss
4. DHearing loss

Mengapakah analgesia tetap (berjadual) sering diutamakan berbanding dos “mengikut keperluan” pada hari-hari pertama selepas pembedahan besar?

1. AIa membenarkan dos melebihi had maksimum harian diberikan
2. BIa mencegah sepenuhnya semua kesan sampingan opioid
3. CIa mengekalkan aras ubat yang stabil dan mencegah kemuncak kesakitan yang teruk
4. DIa menyingkirkan keperluan untuk menilai kesakitan pesakit pada siang hari

Two days after surgery, a patient on regular ibuprofen has a low urine output and a rising creatinine, and intake has been poor. What should the nurse do?

1. AIncrease the dose to treat the pain better and encourage fluids
2. BWithhold the next dose and report to the prescriber
3. CGive the next dose with extra food
4. DChange to a higher-strength NSAID tablet

Which preoperative blood result should the nurse report to the team before elective surgery?

1. AFasting glucose 5.4 mmol/L (97 mg/dL)
2. BHaemoglobin 138 g/L (13.8 g/dL) in a man
3. CPotassium 2.9 mmol/L
4. DSodium 139 mmol/L