Lembaran kerja Perubatan-pembedahan: GI, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawapan

Which diet is usually advised to help prevent symptoms of diverticular disease?

1. AA diet with no fruit or vegetables
2. BA diet based mainly on red meat
3. CA high-fibre diet with plenty of fluids
4. DA low-fibre diet with very little fluid

Cecair manakah yang biasanya digunakan untuk resusitasi lecuran awal pada orang dewasa?

1. AHartmann (Ringer laktat)
2. BMinuman kola berkarbonat secara oral
3. CAir steril untuk suntikan, diberikan secara IV
4. DLarutan glukosa 50% IV

Which symptom in an adult over 50 is a red flag for colorectal cancer?

1. AOne episode of loose stools after a takeaway meal
2. BA lasting change in bowel habit with rectal bleeding
3. CMild bloating before a period
4. DOccasional wind and rumbling after eating a meal of beans

How is the height of an epidural sensory block usually checked?

1. AMeasuring the patient's blood glucose level
2. BTapping the knee with a reflex hammer and recording the score
3. CTesting sensation to cold with ice or a cold spray
4. DChecking the colour of the patient's urine

How should a patient use an incentive spirometer after surgery?

1. ABreathe quickly in and out ten times in a row
2. BUse it once a day, just before going to sleep at night
3. CBlow out as hard and as fast as possible
4. DBreathe in slowly and deeply, then hold briefly

How is an uncomplicated sigmoid volvulus often first treated?

1. ADecompression with a flexible sigmoidoscope and flatus tube
2. BEating a large high-fibre meal
3. CHigh-dose laxatives taken by mouth
4. DA barium meal given by mouth to untwist the bowel slowly

A patient on modified-release morphine for cancer pain has needed four breakthrough doses every day for several days. What should the nurse do?

1. AGive all breakthrough doses at the same time
2. BTell the patient to put up with the pain between doses
3. CStop the breakthrough doses to reduce opioid use
4. DReport it, as the regular background dose may need review

A nurse teaches a patient about a fentanyl skin patch. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I can cut the patch in half if I need less."
2. B"I'll fold used patches sticky sides together before disposal."
3. C"I won't put a hot water bottle over the patch."
4. D"I'll put the new patch on a different area of skin."