Lembaran kerja Perubatan-pembedahan: GI, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawapan

Manakah satu daripada punca sirosis hati yang paling lazim?

1. ASatu episod keracunan makanan
2. BPenggunaan alkohol berat jangka panjang
3. CDiet tinggi buah-buahan dan serat
4. DAnemia kekurangan zat besi

What is an anastomosis in bowel surgery?

1. AA surgical join between two ends of bowel
2. BA drain placed beside the bowel
3. CA tube placed in the bowel for feeding
4. DAn opening of the bowel onto the skin

How is the length of a nasogastric tube usually estimated before insertion?

1. AFrom the nose tip to the earlobe, then to the xiphisternum
2. BFrom the mouth to the knee on the same side of the body
3. CFrom the chin to the umbilicus in a straight line
4. DAny length, as long as the whole tube is inserted

Apakah keutamaan pertama apabila pesakit tiba di bilik pemulihan selepas anestesia am?

1. ASejarah ubat
2. BSeteguk air
3. CPembalut luka dan saliran
4. DSaluran udara dan pernafasan

Mengapakah tablet lepas terubah suai atau bersalut enterik mungkin tidak berfungsi dengan baik bagi pesakit dengan ileostomi?

1. ATransit pantas bermakna ia mungkin lalu sebelum melepaskan ubat
2. BStoma menyerap ubat terlalu cepat ke dalam darah
3. CPesakit dengan ileostomi tidak boleh mengambil sebarang ubat oral
4. DEnzim ileostomi memusnahkan setiap jenis ubat oral

Which drug class is used to reduce the risk of a first variceal bleed in cirrhosis?

1. ANon-selective beta-blockers
2. BCalcium supplements
3. CThiazide diuretics
4. DProton pump inhibitors

A patient with a PICC line develops swelling and aching of the same arm and prominent veins on the chest. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AA catheter-related deep vein thrombosis
2. BAn allergy to the dressing
3. CLymphoedema from a previous operation
4. DNormal swelling after line insertion

A patient who takes NSAIDs suddenly develops severe epigastric pain, a rigid abdomen and shoulder-tip pain. Which finding would most support the likely diagnosis?

1. AFree air under the diaphragm on an erect chest X-ray
2. BTall, peaked T waves on a 12-lead ECG
3. CA raised serum lipase three times the upper limit
4. DFluid levels in the bladder on an ultrasound scan