Lembaran kerja Perubatan-pembedahan: GI, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawapan

Why are pressure areas padded when a patient is positioned for surgery?

1. ATo warm the patient during the procedure
2. BTo prevent pressure injury and nerve damage
3. CTo make the operating table look tidy
4. DTo keep the patient from moving during the operation

Which adverse effects are linked with NSAIDs such as ibuprofen?

1. AStomach bleeding and kidney injury
2. BWeight gain and high potassium only
3. CConstipation and pinpoint pupils
4. DHair loss and low white cell count

Which features are typical of a superficial partial-thickness burn?

1. ABlisters, a moist pink base and severe pain
2. BDry, white, leathery skin with no pain
3. CCharred skin with exposed muscle and bone
4. DRedness only, with no blisters, like sunburn

What is a Curling's ulcer?

1. AA leg ulcer caused by venous disease after long bed rest
2. BA burn on the sole of the foot
3. CA pressure ulcer under a splint that has been left on too long
4. DA stress ulcer of the stomach or duodenum after a major burn

How is the height of an epidural sensory block usually checked?

1. ATapping the knee with a reflex hammer and recording the score
2. BChecking the colour of the patient's urine
3. CMeasuring the patient's blood glucose level
4. DTesting sensation to cold with ice or a cold spray

How are skin staples usually removed from a healed incision?

1. AAll staples at once by pulling each one straight up from the skin
2. BOnly the staples at each end, leaving the others for good
3. CThe staples are left in permanently under the skin
4. DAlternate staples first, then the rest if the wound holds

A dying patient has noisy, rattling breathing. The patient seems unaware, but the family is distressed. What is the best nursing approach?

1. APerform deep suction every hour
2. BReposition, explain the cause and give prescribed drugs if needed
3. CGive large volumes of IV fluid to loosen and thin the secretions
4. DAsk the family to leave the room

Just after extubation in recovery, a patient develops a high-pitched noise on breathing in, with falling SpO₂. What should the nurse do first?

1. ACall for help, give 100% oxygen and use a jaw thrust
2. BWait a few minutes to see if it passes
3. CSit the patient up and give a drink of water
4. DGive an opioid to calm the patient's breathing and reduce anxiety