Lembaran kerja Perubatan-pembedahan: neurologi, endokrin & renal dengan jawapan

In dialysis care, what does "dry weight" mean?

1. AThe weight after the patient has drunk nothing for a day
2. BThe weight of the patient's clothes
3. CThe weight measured with an empty bladder
4. DThe weight without excess fluid in the body

What is the most important risk factor for bladder cancer?

1. AFrequent urinary infections in childhood
2. BSmoking
3. CDrinking a lot of water
4. DA diet high in fruit

Bilakah insulin bertindak pantas seperti insulin aspart atau lispro biasanya diberikan?

1. ASejurus sebelum atau bersama makanan
2. BPada waktu tidur, tanpa sebarang makanan
3. CSekali sehari, tanpa mengira waktu makan
4. DKira-kira dua jam selepas makan

Before a haemodialysis catheter is used, why is the lock solution withdrawn from each lumen?

1. AIt contains a strong antibiotic that must be kept
2. BIt contains air that keeps the line open
3. CIt contains the patient's urine
4. DIt contains concentrated anticoagulant

Seorang pesakit strok hemisfera kanan mengabaikan makanan di sebelah kiri pinggan. Apakah ini dipanggil?

1. ADisfagia
2. BAtaksia serebelum
3. CPengabaian sebelah kiri (neglect)
4. DAfasia ekspresif

Seorang pesakit SIADH mempunyai natrium 126 mmol/L dan gejala ringan. Rawatan manakah yang biasanya barisan pertama?

1. AAir oral tambahan
2. BInfusi glukosa 5% IV
3. CSekatan cecair
4. DDesmopresin

Seorang pesakit hemodialisis bertanya mengapa cecair di antara sesi mesti dihadkan. Penjelasan manakah yang betul?

1. ACecair berlebihan terkumpul, menaikkan TD dan menyebabkan sesak nafas serta kekejangan semasa dialisis
2. BSekatan cecair terutamanya untuk memendekkan masa di mesin
3. CCecair tambahan melemahkan dinding fistula dan menjadikannya lebih mudah pecah
4. DMinum air menyebabkan dialisis menyingkirkan terlalu banyak kalium daripada darah

Two days after an ileal conduit was formed, the stoma is dark purple and dry. What should the nurse do?

1. AReport it urgently, because the stoma may be ischaemic
2. BRecord it as normal for a new stoma
3. CChange the bag and check again next week
4. DApply a warm compress to improve the colour of the stoma