Lembaran kerja Perubatan-pembedahan: neurologi, endokrin & renal dengan jawapan

Apakah fasa pascaiktal?

1. AFasa mengejang pada permulaan sawan tonik-klonik
2. BTempoh mengantuk dan keliru selepas sawan
3. CSawan yang berlangsung lebih daripada lima minit
4. DSensasi amaran sebelum sawan bermula

Which three responses make up the Glasgow Coma Scale?

1. AEye opening, verbal response and motor response
2. BOrientation to time, place and person, plus memory
3. CPupil size, pulse and blood pressure
4. DReflexes, muscle tone and sensation

Apakah dapatan makmal utama dalam SIADH (sindrom rembesan ADH tidak sesuai)?

1. AKalsium serum rendah akibat kehilangan melalui buah pinggang
2. BNatrium serum tinggi akibat kehilangan air
3. CNatrium serum rendah akibat pengekalan air
4. DGlukosa darah tinggi akibat rintangan insulin

Seorang pesakit mempunyai hipertensi yang sukar dikawal dan kalium yang rendah secara berterusan, tanpa mengambil diuretik. Keadaan manakah yang patut dipertimbangkan?

1. ADiabetes insipidus kranial
2. BInsufisiensi adrenal primer (Addison)
3. CHiperaldosteronisme primer (Conn)
4. DHipotiroidisme primer

A patient is due a rapid-acting insulin dose before lunch, but the meal trays are delayed. What should the nurse do?

1. AWait to give the insulin until the meal arrives
2. BGive the insulin now and the meal when it comes
3. CGive the insulin with a glass of water instead
4. DOmit the dose entirely for the rest of the day

A patient has confirmed meningococcal meningitis. What is usually offered to their close household contacts?

1. ANo action unless they develop symptoms
2. BA full course of IV antibiotics in hospital
3. CA lumbar puncture to check for infection
4. DPreventive antibiotics

A haemodialysis patient missed their last two sessions. They are breathless, with crackles, and the potassium is 6.9 mmol/L. What is the priority?

1. AUrgent dialysis, with cardiac monitoring meanwhile
2. BLarge IV fluid boluses to improve the circulation
3. CA routine dialysis session at the next planned slot
4. DOral potassium supplements and rest

Seorang pesakit diabetes jenis 1 berpuasa sebelum pembedahan esok. Pelan manakah yang paling selamat?

1. AMemberikan insulin waktu makan yang biasa, walaupun tiada makanan akan dimakan
2. BMeneruskan sedikit insulin (basal atau infusi IV kadar boleh ubah) dengan semakan glukosa
3. CMenghentikan semua insulin sehingga pesakit makan dan minum seperti biasa semula
4. DMemberikan insulin hanya jika keton air kencing menjadi sangat positif semalaman