Lembaran kerja Kejururawatan kesihatan mental dengan jawapan

Which group of features is typical of dementia with Lewy bodies?

1. AMemory loss only, with no other symptoms or changes in alertness for many years
2. BSudden step-by-step decline after small strokes
3. CFluctuating alertness, detailed visual hallucinations and parkinsonism
4. DEarly personality change and loss of social inhibition

A patient believes that the newsreader on television is sending him personal messages. What is this called?

1. AThought insertion
2. BAn idea of reference
3. CA somatic delusion
4. DAn illusion

Which statement about self-disclosure by the nurse is correct?

1. AIt should be brief, rare and used only to help the patient
2. BIt is never allowed in any situation
3. CIt should be used often to build friendship with the patient
4. DIt is helpful when the nurse shares personal problems in detail

A patient lies awake in bed for hours worrying about not sleeping. Which stimulus control advice is correct?

1. AIf still awake after about 20 minutes, get up, do something calm and return when sleepy
2. BLook at the clock often to check how much sleep is being lost
3. CDo vigorous exercise in the bedroom until tired enough to fall asleep straight away
4. DStay in bed and watch television or use a phone until sleep finally comes

Which approach is most effective when setting limits with a patient who repeatedly breaks ward rules?

1. ALet each nurse decide on the day whether to apply the rules
2. BGive a long explanation each time the rule is broken and allow the patient to negotiate a new consequence
3. CState the rule and the consequence clearly, and make sure all staff apply it consistently
4. DChange the rules for this patient to avoid conflict

Seorang pesakit skizofrenia berkata, "Suara-suara itu mengatakan saya jahat." Respons manakah yang terbaik?

1. A"Jika anda mendengar suara, anda pasti sangat sakit."
2. B"Suara itu tidak nyata, jadi abaikan sahaja."
3. C"Mari kita tidak bercakap tentang suara itu buat masa ini. Ceritakan tentang keluarga dan rancangan anda sebaliknya."
4. D"Saya tidak mendengar suara itu, tetapi saya nampak ia mengganggu anda. Apakah yang dikatakannya kepada anda?"

A depressed patient says, "I don't enjoy anything any more, so there's no point in doing anything." Which intervention best reflects behavioural activation?

1. APlan small, scheduled activities with him and review how he felt afterwards
2. BWait until his mood improves before suggesting activities
3. CEncourage him to rest in bed as much as possible until the medicine works
4. DTell him that his thoughts are irrational and he should stop thinking that way

A patient with dementia repeatedly walks towards the ward exit, saying he must go to work. What is the most appropriate action?

1. AUse a physical restraint in a chair for the rest of the day so that he stays safe and cannot reach the exit
2. BTell him firmly that he has been retired for 20 years
3. CWalk with him, acknowledge his concern and gently redirect him to an activity
4. DLock him in his room so that he cannot leave