Lembaran kerja Asas kejururawatan dengan jawapan

What is referred pain?

1. APain that has been treated by a specialist
2. BPain that is reported by a relative
3. CPain that only occurs at night
4. DPain felt in a place away from its source

What is the normal range for serum sodium in adults?

1. A135–145 mmol/L
2. B95–105 mmol/L
3. C2.2–2.6 mmol/L
4. D3.5–5.0 mmol/L

What is the approximate normal white cell count in adults?

1. A0.5–1 × 10⁹/L
2. B150–400 × 10⁹/L
3. C20–30 × 10⁹/L
4. D4–11 × 10⁹/L

A student nurse is asked to carry out a procedure they have not been trained to do. What should they do?

1. AAsk the patient to talk them through it
2. BExplain that they have not been trained and ask for supervision
3. CDo it anyway, carefully, to avoid upsetting the team or delaying care
4. DWatch a video and then do it alone

How should dentures be cleaned to avoid breaking them?

1. ABy soaking them in very hot water to sterilise them
2. BWith an abrasive cleaning powder to remove stains
3. COver a sink lined with a towel or partly filled with water
4. DOver an empty, hard sink so they can be seen clearly

Pesakit berisiko tinggi jatuh. Langkah manakah yang paling sesuai?

1. ANaikkan semua pagar katil secara rutin dan kekalkan pesakit di katil sehingga disemak
2. BHadkan pesakit di katil tanpa penilaian
3. CBeri sedatif pada waktu malam
4. DPastikan katil rendah, loceng panggilan dalam jangkauan dan kasut tidak licin dipakai

A patient with severe anaemia has an SpO₂ of 98%. Why can this reading be misleading?

1. AThe red cells present are saturated, but the blood carries little oxygen
2. BAnaemia damages the light sensor of the oximeter
3. CPatients with anaemia always have a low true saturation
4. DAnaemia makes the oximeter read about 10% higher than the true saturation

A runner collapses on a hot day with a temperature of 40.5 °C and confusion. Why will paracetamol (acetaminophen) not help much?

1. AParacetamol needs a temperature below 37 °C to work
2. BParacetamol makes the body produce more heat
3. CThe heat comes from failed heat loss, not a raised set point
4. DParacetamol only lowers temperature in children, not in adults