Lembaran kerja Kejururawatan pediatrik dengan jawapan

What is the cause of Hirschsprung disease?

1. AOne part of the bowel telescoping into the next part
2. BMissing nerve (ganglion) cells in part of the bowel
3. CInflammation of the bowel lining after a viral infection
4. DThickening of the muscle at the outlet of the stomach

Which type of play, with shared goals, rules and roles, is typical of school-age children?

1. ASolitary play
2. BCooperative play
3. CParallel play
4. DOnlooker play

Why are undescended testes (cryptorchidism) corrected surgically in early childhood?

1. ATo protect fertility and allow the testis to be checked for cancer
2. BBecause an undescended testis causes severe daily pain in infancy
3. CTo stop the testis from producing too much testosterone in puberty
4. DBecause an undescended testis leads to kidney failure if left untreated

A 12-year-old with type 1 diabetes will play a long football match. What should the nurse advise?

1. ACheck glucose before playing and keep fast-acting carbohydrate at hand
2. BSkip the meal before the match to avoid high glucose
3. CAvoid sport, because exercise is unsafe with diabetes
4. DInject an extra dose of insulin into the thigh just before he starts running

A family has a 2-year-old. Which advice about medicines at home is best?

1. ALock all medicines away, out of reach and sight, in child-resistant containers
2. BCall medicines "sweets" so the child is happy to take them
3. CRely on child-resistant caps alone, since toddlers are not strong enough to open them
4. DKeep daily medicines in a handbag so they are always at hand

Which measure should be avoided in a sickle cell pain crisis?

1. AWarm packs and gentle positioning
2. BCold packs on the painful area
3. CGenerous fluids by mouth or IV
4. DRegular pain assessment and analgesia

Which finding in a 12-month-old needs further developmental evaluation?

1. APulls to stand and walks holding on to furniture
2. BSays "mama" and "dada" to the right parent and waves bye-bye
3. CBecomes upset when a stranger picks her up
4. DA strong Moro reflex is still present

Sebuah keluarga berkeras untuk kekal bersama anak mereka semasa prosedur yang menyakitkan. Apakah tindak balas yang paling sesuai dalam penjagaan berpusatkan keluarga?

1. AMenyokong kehadiran mereka, menyediakan mereka untuk apa yang akan dilihat dan memberi mereka peranan yang menenangkan
2. BBerkeras bahawa mereka menunggu di luar dalam setiap kes
3. CMemberitahu mereka bahawa kehadiran mereka menjadikan kanak-kanak itu berkelakuan lebih teruk
4. DMembenarkan mereka tinggal hanya jika mereka berdiri di sudut dan tidak menyentuh, memegang atau bercakap dengan kanak-kanak itu